Development of bone and lithic technologies by anatomically modern humans during the late Pleistocene to Holocene in Sulawesi and Wallacea
Development of bone and lithic technologies by anatomically modern humans during the late Pleistocene to Holocene in Sulawesi and Wallacea
复制标题
苏拉威西岛和华莱士岛更新世晚期至全新世期间解剖学上的现代人类对骨骼和石器技术的发展
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2020.12.045
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Pawlik Alfred
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ono Rintaro;Fuentes Riczar;Amano Noel;Sofian Harry Octavianus;Sriwigati;Aziz Nasrullah;Pawlik Alfred
印度尼西亚东部苏拉威西岛上的果阿托波加罗（托波加罗洞穴）遗址出土了大量与晚更新世和全新世的解剖学现代人类（AMH）有关的骨质和石质文物。苏拉威西岛是Wallacea最大的岛屿，可能位于早期AMH迁移到Sahul的路线的沿着，这需要在过去的Sunda和Sahul大陆之间进行海上过境。AMH在迁移到南亚，东南亚岛屿（ISEA）和Sahul的早期阶段使用了骨和石技术，更新世结束后，在ISEA和苏拉威西岛更密集地使用和更广泛地扩展了骨技术。我们的研究证实了各种骨技术的出现和广泛使用，特别是在苏拉威西岛全新世早期可能被用作钻头，雕刻机和抛射体的骨点。这与石器技术的重大转变和修饰工具的急剧增加是一致的。对骨和石器材料的磨损分析表明，一些特定的修饰石器可能用于生产骨工具。我们建议这样一个组合在使用骨和石器技术的苏拉威西岛，并广泛在ISEA，可能表明早期AMH生存策略和适应不断变化的岛屿和雨林环境在从晚更新世过渡到全新世。
The site of Goa Topogaro (Topogaro Caves) on Sulawesi Island in Eastern Indonesia yields numerous osseous and lithic artefacts in association with anatomically modern humans (AMH) from the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Sulawesi is the largest island in Wallacea and could have been located along the early AMH migration routes to Sahul that required sea crossings between the past Sunda and Sahul-continents. AMH utilized both osseous and lithic technologies use during the early stage of their migration to South Asia, Island Southeast Asia (ISEA), and Sahul, a more intensive use and wider expansion of bone-based technologies occurred after the end of the Pleistocene in ISEA and Sulawesi. Our study confirms the emergence and wide use of an variety of osseus technologies, specifically bone points that may have been used as drills, engravers, and projectiles, during the early Holocene in Sulawesi. This is in tandem with a significant shift of lithic technologies and the dramatic increase of retouched tools. Use-wear analysis of bone and lithic materials shows that some specific retouched stone tools were likely used for the production of bone implements. We suggest such a combination in the use of bone and lithic technologies for Sulawesi, and widely across ISEA, may indicate early AMH subsistence strategies and adaptations to the changing island and rainforest environments during the transition from the late Pleistocene to the Holocene.