Perceptions of risk in communities near parks in an African biodiversity hotspot
Perceptions of risk in communities near parks in an African biodiversity hotspot
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DOI：
10.1007/s13280-016-0775-8
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Chapman, Colin A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hartter, Joel;Dowhaniuk, Nicholas;Chapman, Colin A.
了解公园景观中的保护和生计威胁对于制定保护政策非常重要。为了识别威胁，我们研究了乌干达三个国家公园附近居民的感知风险。我们使用横截面家庭数据来记录，排名和衡量感知风险的严重程度。80%的受访者提到了三个风险类别，分为保护区、气候和健康，并获得了最高的严重程度分数。海拔高度，接近公园，当地森林损失，最近的人口变化和贫困的措施是最重要的变量，在预测个人是否确定这些风险为最严重或第二严重的风险。健康问题在整个景观中被引用，而气候问题（主要是降雨量不足）据报道在离公园较远的地方最为严重。人口密度的增加与健康挑战的感知风险增加有关，但归因于公园和气候的感知风险降低。风险评估图提供了对不同地点进行标准化比较的机会，以帮助确定共同点和差异，作为审查保护管理可能解决这些当地挑战的程度以及缓解技术可能在不同地点或冲突情景之间转移的第一步。
Understanding conservation and livelihood threats in park landscapes is important to informing conservation policy. To identify threats, we examined perceived risks of residents living near three national parks in Uganda. We used cross-sectional household data to document, rank, and measure severity of perceived risks. Three risk categories, grouped into protected area, climate, and health, were cited by 80 % of respondents and received the highest severity scores. Elevation, proximity to the park, local forest loss, recent population change, and measures of poverty were the most important variables in predicting whether or not an individual identified these risks as the most or second most severe risk. Health issues were cited throughout the landscape, while problems attributed to climate (mainly insufficient rainfall) were reported to be most severe farther from the park. Increased population density was associated with increased perceived risk of health challenges, but decreased perceived risks attributed to the park and climate. Participatory risk mapping provides the opportunity to make standardized comparisons across sites, to help identify commonalities and differences, as a first step to examining the degree to which conservation management might address some of these local challenges and where mitigation techniques might be transferable between different sites or conflict scenarios.