Osmosis-Based Pressure Generation: Dynamics and Application
Osmosis-Based Pressure Generation: Dynamics and Application
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0091350
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发表时间：
2014-03-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Mayer, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruhn, Brandon R.;Schroeder, Thomas B. H.;Mayer, Michael
本文介绍了在膜结合的隔间中，同时考虑到体积膨胀，溶质稀释，表面积与体积比，膜的水力渗透性，并在渗透梯度，体积模量和膜污染程度的变化，气动驱动的压力产生。重点在于压力产生的动力学;这些动力学以前没有详细描述。实验结果进行了比较，并支持数值模拟，我们可以作为一个开源工具。这种方法揭示了关于压力产生速度对相关和相互依赖的参数的定量依赖性的不直观的结果，这些参数将在大多数气动驱动的压力发生器中遇到。例如，限制隔室的体积膨胀允许其产生其第一个5 kPa的压力比没有限制快七倍。此外，这项动力学研究表明，植物是接近理想的渗透压发生器，因为它们是由许多小隔间与大表面积体积比和强大的细胞壁增强。最后，我们展示了两个应用程序的一个基于压力发生器：驱动的软机器人和连续的体积输送在很长一段时间。这两种应用都不需要外部电源，而是利用在给压力发生器浇水时释放的能量。
This paper describes osmotically-driven pressure generation in a membrane-bound compartment while taking into account volume expansion, solute dilution, surface area to volume ratio, membrane hydraulic permeability, and changes in osmotic gradient, bulk modulus, and degree of membrane fouling. The emphasis lies on the dynamics of pressure generation; these dynamics have not previously been described in detail. Experimental results are compared to and supported by numerical simulations, which we make accessible as an open source tool. This approach reveals unintuitive results about the quantitative dependence of the speed of pressure generation on the relevant and interdependent parameters that will be encountered in most osmotically-driven pressure generators. For instance, restricting the volume expansion of a compartment allows it to generate its first 5 kPa of pressure seven times faster than without a restraint. In addition, this dynamics study shows that plants are near-ideal osmotic pressure generators, as they are composed of many small compartments with large surface area to volume ratios and strong cell wall reinforcements. Finally, we demonstrate two applications of an osmosis-based pressure generator: actuation of a soft robot and continuous volume delivery over long periods of time. Both applications do not need an external power source but rather take advantage of the energy released upon watering the pressure generators.