Unravelling the genetic basis for the rapid diversification of male genitalia between Drosophila species
Unravelling the genetic basis for the rapid diversification of male genitalia between Drosophila species
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揭示果蝇物种之间雄性生殖器快速多样化的遗传基础
DOI：
10.1101/2020.06.19.161018
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hagen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hagen J
在过去的240,000 年里，雄性果蝇同种分支在其上端后裂片和扣器的形态上进化出了显著的差异。这些附属物是用来在交配时抓住雌性的，所以它们的分歧很可能是由性选择驱动的。图谱研究表明，这些形态差异是高度多基因的，通常是相加的遗传基础。然而，我们对控制生殖器结构发育的基因调控网络以及它们是如何进化到导致这种快速表型多样化的了解有限。在这里，我们利用染色体臂3L上的Newd.Dimimans/D.MauritianaIntrogation线来生成这些物种之间后叶和卡爪差异的更高分辨率的图谱。然后，我们对两个物种的发育生殖器进行了RNA-SEQ，以确定两个物种之间表达的基因和差异表达的基因。这使得我们能够测试在生殖器发育过程中表达的位置候选基因的功能。我们确定了几个与这些生殖器结构的发育和可能的进化有关的新基因，包括转录因子毛发和垃圾。此外，我们还发现，在扣环的发育过程中，毛发负向调节雌激素(Trn)，这是一个已知的导致扣环形态差异的基因。综上所述，我们的结果为生殖器发育的调控以及这种调控是如何在物种之间进化的提供了新的见解。
In the last 240,000 years, males of theDrosophila simulansspecies clade have evolved striking differences in the morphology of their epandrial posterior lobes and claspers (surstyli). These appendages are used for grasping the female during mating and so their divergence is most likely driven by sexual selection. Mapping studies indicate a highly polygenic and generally additive genetic basis for these morphological differences. However, we have limited understanding of the gene regulatory networks that control the development of genital structures and how they evolved to result in this rapid phenotypic diversification. Here, we used newD. simulans/D. mauritianaintrogression lines on chromosome arm 3L to generate higher resolution maps of posterior lobe and clasper differences between these species. We then carried out RNA-seq on the developing genitalia of both species to identify the expressed genes and those that are differentially expressed between the two species. This allowed us to test the function of expressed positional candidates during genital development inD. melanogaster. We identified several new genes involved in the development and possibly the evolution of these genital structures, including the transcription factors Hairy and Grunge. Furthermore, we discovered that during clasper development Hairy negatively regulatestartan(trn), a gene known to contribute to divergence in clasper morphology. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the regulation of genital development and how this has evolved between species.