Vertical and Horizontal Transmission of Cell Fusing Agent Virus in Aedes aegypti
Vertical and Horizontal Transmission of Cell Fusing Agent Virus in Aedes aegypti
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.01062-22
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发表时间：
2022-08-29
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Patterson, Edward, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Logan, Rhiannon A. E.;Quek, Shannon;Patterson, Edward, I
细胞融合病毒(CFAV)是在埃及伊蚊体内发现的一种昆虫特异性黄病毒(ISF)。ISF已证明有能力调节虫媒病毒的感染或传播，如登革热、西尼罗河和寨卡病毒。自然界认为，垂直传输是ISF维护的主要途径。在CFAV中观察到了这一点，但在其他ISF中有证据表明水平传播和性传播。了解传播途径可以为将ISF传播到媒介人群作为控制致病虫媒病毒的一种方法提供参考。我们从自然产生的CFAV阳性Ae中杂交了单独饲养的雄性和雌性蚊子。埃及伊蚊群体及其阴性对应体，提供有关母系、父系和水平传播的信息。用RT-PCR法检测单个雌蛹蜕皮中的CFAV，对的敏感度为%，而对雄蛹的敏感率为42%。这是一种在不破坏成虫的情况下筛查个体感染的可能方法。在这项研究中，没有观察到女性向男性的水平传播。然而，CFAV阳性雄性蚊子对阴性雌性蚊子的交配传播率为31%。母婴垂直传播，子代感染率为93%。当女性保持阴性时，父亲传播率为85%，当女性水平感染CFAV时，父亲传播率为61%，总体传播率为76%。CFAV的母系和父系传播可使该病毒传入野生型Ae。通过雄性或雌性蚊子释放埃及伊蚊种群，从而为ISF衍生的虫媒病毒控制提供了一种潜在的战略。重要昆虫特异性黄病毒(ISF)是一组只感染昆虫的非致病性黄病毒。ISF在蚊子种群中的流行率很高，但其传播途径尚不清楚。这项研究的结果证实了细胞融合剂病毒(CFAV)的母系传播，并证明了父系传播也是高效的。CFAV的水平传播也被观察到，这有助于在与受感染个体交配之前评估幼虫的感染状况。这项检测废弃蚕茧外分泌物中感染情况的技术以前没有经过评估，将为其他研究蚊子病毒传播领域的人提供有用的工具。识别这些传播途径提供了有关CFAV如何在野生蚊子种群中保持的信息，并有助于未来专注于CFAV与宿主和其他感染蚊子的病毒的相互作用的研究。昆虫特有的黄病毒(ISF)是一组只感染昆虫的非致病性黄病毒。ISF在蚊子种群中的流行率很高，但其传播途径尚不清楚。
Cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) is an insect-specific flavivirus (ISF) found in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. ISFs have demonstrated the ability to modulate the infection or transmission of arboviruses such as dengue, West Nile, and Zika viruses. It is thought that vertical transmission is the main route for ISF maintenance in nature. This has been observed with CFAV, but there is evidence of horizontal and venereal transmission in other ISFs. Understanding the route of transmission can inform strategies to spread ISFs to vector populations as a method of controlling pathogenic arboviruses. We crossed individually reared male and female mosquitoes from both a naturally occurring CFAV-positive Ae. aegypti colony and its negative counterpart to provide information on maternal, paternal, and horizontal transmission. RT-PCR was used to detect CFAV in individual female pupal exuviae and was 89% sensitive, but only 42% in male pupal exuviae. This is a possible way to screen individuals for infection without destroying the adults. Female-to-male horizontal transmission was not observed during this study. However, there was a 31% transmission rate from mating pairs of CFAV-positive males to negative female mosquitoes. Maternal vertical transmission was observed with a filial infection rate of 93%. The rate of paternal transmission was 85% when the female remained negative, 61% when the female acquired CFAV horizontally, and 76% overall. Maternal and paternal transmission of CFAV could allow the introduction of this virus into wild Ae. aegypti populations through male or female mosquito releases, and thus provides a potential strategy for ISF-derived arbovirus control. IMPORTANCE Insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs), are a group of nonpathogenic flaviviruses that only infect insects. ISFs can have a high prevalence in mosquito populations, but their transmission routes are not well understood. The results of this study confirm maternal transmission of cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) and demonstrate that paternal transmission is also highly efficient. Horizontal transmission of CFAV was also observed, aided by evaluation of the pupal infection status before mating with an infected individual. This technique of detecting infection in discarded pupae exuviae has not been evaluated previously and will be a useful tool for others in the field of studying viral transmission in mosquitoes. Identifying these routes of transmission provides information about how CFAV could be maintained in wild populations of mosquitoes and can aid future studies focusing on interactions of CFAV with their hosts and other viruses that infect mosquitoes.Insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs), are a group of nonpathogenic flaviviruses that only infect insects. ISFs can have a high prevalence in mosquito populations, but their transmission routes are not well understood.