Multi-GNSS precise point positioning for precision agriculture
Multi-GNSS precise point positioning for precision agriculture
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DOI：
10.1007/s11119-018-9563-8
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Ge, Maorong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Guo, Jing;Li, Xingxing;Ge, Maorong
本研究的主要目的是通过在不同观测条件下（如开阔天空、有建筑物或有树冠）采用不同工作模式（即静止和移动）进行的一系列实验，来检验多GNSS精密单点定位（PPP）在精准农业（PA）中的可行性。对于在英国开放空间中进行的固定测试，通过PPP方法实现的定位精度在一维上为13.9mm，并且通过使用仅相对于GPS的Multi-GNSS，定位结果的重复性从19.0提高到6.0mm。对于在英国类似地点进行的移动测试，仅GPS和Multi-GNSS PPP实现了几乎相同的性能。然而，对于在中国进行的有障碍物条件下的移动实验，Multi-GNSS将基线长度的精度从126.0 mm提高到35.0 mm，重复性从110.0 mm提高到49.0 mm。结果表明，在标准GPS处理的基础上增加北斗、伽利略和GLONASS系统提高了定位重复性，而定位精度在水平方向上达到约20mm水平，相对于仅GPS的PPP结果有所改善。在空间受限和恶劣的环境中（例如周围树木茂密的农场），仅GPS PPP结果的精确定位的可用性和可靠性急剧下降，但对Multi-GNSS PPP的影响有限。此外，与目前最常用于高精度PA应用的真实的时间动态（RTK）GNSS相比，PPP已经实现了类似的精度。与RTK GNSS相比，PPP可以提供高精度定位，具有更高的灵活性和潜在的更低的资本和运营成本。因此，PPP可能是农业在不久的将来满足PA高精度要求的一个很好的机会。
The main objective of this research was to examine the feasibility of Multi-GNSS precise point positioning (PPP) in precision agriculture (PA) through a series of experiments with different working modes (i.e. stationary and moving) under different observation conditions (e.g. open sky, with buildings or with canopy). For the stationary test carried out in open space in the UK, the positioning accuracy achieved was 13.9mm in one dimension by a PPP approach, and the repeatability of positioning results was improved from 19.0 to 6.0mm by using Multi-GNSS with respect to GPS only. For the moving test carried out in similar location in the UK, almost the same performance was achieved by GPS-only and by Multi-GNSS PPP. However, for a moving experiment carried out in China with obstruction conditions, Multi-GNSS improved the accuracy of baseline length from 126.0 to 35.0mm and the repeatability from 110.0mm to 49.0mm, The results suggested that the addition of the BeiDou, Galileo and GLONASS systems to the standard GPS-only processing improved the positioning repeatability, while a positioning accuracy was achieved at about 20mm level in the horizontal direction with an improvement against the GPS-only PPP results. In space-constrained and harsh environments (e.g. farms surrounded with dense trees), the availability and reliability of precise positioning decreased dramatically for the GPS-only PPP results, but limited impacts were observed for Multi-GNSS PPP. In addition, compared to real time kinematic (RTK) GNSS, which is currently most commonly used for high precision PA applications, similar accuracy has been achieved by PPP. In contrast to RTK GNSS, PPP can provide high accuracy positioning with higher flexibility and potentially lower capital and running costs. Hence, PPP might be a great opportunity for agriculture to meet the high accuracy requirements of PA in the near future.