EXPRESSION OF ACTIVATED ONCOGENES IN THE MURINE MAMMARY-GLAND - TRANSGENIC MODELS FOR HUMAN BREAST-CANCER
EXPRESSION OF ACTIVATED ONCOGENES IN THE MURINE MAMMARY-GLAND - TRANSGENIC MODELS FOR HUMAN BREAST-CANCER
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00050793
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发表时间：
1991-10-01
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
MULLER, WJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
MULLER, WJ
乳腺癌是非吸烟妇女死亡的主要原因，因此一直是深入研究的重点。人们普遍认为，癌基因或其调节因子的失调在这种流行性疾病的进展中起着关键作用。例如，在一定比例的原发性乳腺癌活检中观察到许多癌基因的扩增和过表达。最近，也有报道在人类乳腺癌中失活肿瘤抑制基因。虽然有令人信服的证据表明这些基因在乳腺癌肿瘤进展中的作用，但由于这些研究中固有的局限性，很难在某些癌基因的表达和肿瘤进展之间建立直接的因果关系。由于这个原因，许多研究小组采用转基因小鼠作为模型系统，直接研究小鼠乳腺癌基因表达的影响。这篇综述将试图突出一些重要的教训和潜在的应用，已经出现的转基因小鼠乳腺上皮癌基因表达的研究。将讨论转基因系统的效用，以评估癌基因的转化潜力，调查恶性进展的多步骤性质，并作为治疗干预的模型。
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among non-smoking women and thus has been the focus of intensive research. It has been generally accepted that the deregulation of oncogenes or their regulators play a pivotal role in progression of this prevalent disease. For example, amplification and overexpression of a number of oncogenes has been observed in a proportion of primary breast cancer biopsies. More recently, there has also been reports of inactivation tumor suppressor genes in human breast cancer. While there is compelling evidence for a role of these genes in breast cancer tumor progression due to limitations inherent in these studies it is difficult to establish a direct causal association between expression of a certain oncogene and tumor progression. For this reason many groups have employed the transgenic mouse as a model system to directly study effects of oncogene expression in the murine mammary gland. This review will attempt to highlight some of the important lessons and potential applications that have emerged from the study of oncogene expression in the mammary epithelium of transgenic mice. The utility of the transgenic system to assess the transforming potential of oncogenes, to investigate the multi-step nature of malignant progression, and to be used as models for therapeutic intervention will be discussed.