Dopaminergic mechanisms of individual differences in human effort-based decision-making.
Dopaminergic mechanisms of individual differences in human effort-based decision-making.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.6459-11.2012
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发表时间：
2012-05-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zald DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Treadway MT;Buckholtz JW;Cowan RL;Woodward ND;Li R;Ansari MS;Baldwin RM;Schwartzman AN;Kessler RM;Zald DH
对成本和收益的不同组合的偏好是经济决策可变性的一个关键来源。然而，人们对这些偏好中个体差异的神经化学基础知之甚少。对动物和人类的研究表明，直接操纵神经递质多巴胺（DA）会显著影响成本/收益决策，但对DA系统自然发生的变化如何与经济行为的个体差异相关的了解较少。在本研究中，25名健康志愿者用[18F]fallypride和d-安非他明完成了双扫描PET成像方案，以测量DA反应性，并分别完成了奖励的努力支出任务，这是人类成本/收益决策的行为测量。我们发现，左纹状体和腹内侧前额叶皮层DA功能的个体差异与人们愿意付出更大的努力来获得更大的奖励有关，尤其是在获得奖励的可能性较低的情况下。此外，双侧脑岛DA反应的可变性与付出努力获得奖励的意愿呈负相关，这与该区域参与反应成本处理的证据一致。这些发现强调了纹状体、前额叶和岛状区的DA信号作为成本/收益决策个体差异的关键神经化学机制的作用。
Preferences for different combinations of costs and benefits are a key source of variability in economic decision-making. However, the neurochemical basis of individual differences in these preferences is poorly understood. Studies in both animals and humans have demonstrated that direct manipulation of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) significantly impacts cost/benefit decision-making, but less is known about how naturally occurring variation in DA systems may relate to individual differences in economic behavior. In the present study, 25 healthy volunteers completed a dual-scan PET imaging protocol with [18F]fallypride and d-amphetamine to measure DA responsivity, and separately completed the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task, a behavioral measure of cost/benefit decision-making in humans. We found that individual differences in DA function in the left striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex were correlated with a willingness to expend greater effort for larger rewards, particularly when probability of reward receipt was low. Additionally, variability in DA responses in the bilateral insula was negatively correlated with willingness to expend effort for rewards, consistent with evidence implicating this region in the processing of response costs. These findings highlight the role of DA signaling in striatal, prefrontal and insular regions as key neurochemical mechanisms underlying individual differences in cost/benefit decision-making.