The environmental occurrence of herbicides: The importance of degradates in ground water
The environmental occurrence of herbicides: The importance of degradates in ground water
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DOI：
10.1007/s002449900392
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发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Linhart, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kolpin, DW;Thurman, EM;Linhart, SM
目前正在进行大量研究来调查世界范围内广泛使用除草剂来控制杂草的发生、归宿以及对人类健康和环境的影响。然而，很少有研究在研究中考虑这些除草剂的降解情况。我们对爱荷华州含水层中除草剂的研究发现，地下水中普遍存在除草剂降解现象，约 75% 的采样井中均检测到了这种现象。除莠去津外，考虑到其降解情况，地下水中特定除草剂的检测频率增加了数倍。此外，给定除草剂的大部分测量浓度都是其降解物的形式，即使对于相对持久的化合物（例如莠去津）也是如此。在本研究中，降解物占除草剂测量浓度的 60% 至 99% 以上。由于除草剂降解物可能具有与其母体化合物类似的急性和慢性毒性，因此这些化合物具有环境意义，并提供对给定除草剂的归宿和运输的更全面的了解。因此，任何类型的除草剂研究中都必须包含降解物。
Numerous studies are being conducted to investigate the occurrence, fate, and effects on human health and the environment from the extensive worldwide use of herbicides to control weeds. Few studies, however, are considering the degradates of these herbicides in their investigations. Our study of herbicides in aquifers across Iowa found herbicide degradates to be prevalent in ground water, being detected in about 75% of the wells sampled. With the exception of atrazine, the frequencies of detection in ground water for a given herbicide increased multifold when its degradates were considered. Furthermore, a majority of the measured concentration for a given herbicide was in the form of its degradates-even for a relatively persistent compound such as atrazine. For this study, degradates comprised from 60 to over 99% of a herbicide's measured concentration. Because herbicide degradates can have similar acute and chronic toxicity as their parent compounds, these compounds have environmental significance as well as providing a more complete understanding of the fate and transport of a given herbicide. Thus, it is essential that degradates are included in any type of herbicide investigation.