Virulotyping and Antimicrobial Resistance Typing of Salmonella enterica Serovars Relevant to Human Health in Europe
Virulotyping and Antimicrobial Resistance Typing of Salmonella enterica Serovars Relevant to Human Health in Europe
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DOI：
10.1089/fpd.2009.0447
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Malorny, Burkhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huehn, Stephan;La Ragione, Roberto M.;Malorny, Burkhard
结合毒力基因和抗菌素耐药基因分型的DNA阵列是最近发展起来的一种基于基因组学的细菌分子流行病学方法。目前，我们已将该技术应用于523种肠道沙门氏菌亚种。从9个欧洲国家的各种宿主来源以及公共卫生和兽医研究所收集的肠道菌株。菌株集包括在欧洲分离的五种主要沙门氏菌血清型（Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Infantis， Virchow和Hadar）。首先，通过聚合酶链反应筛选10种潜在毒力因子（avrA、ssaQ、mgtC、siiD、sopB、gipA、sodC1、sopE1、spvC、bcfC）。结果表明，在整个欧洲仅观察到包含这些基因（病毒型）的14个谱。此外，这些病毒型大多数仅限于一种（n = 9）或两种（n = 4）血清型。数据还表明，病毒型与宿主来源或地理位置没有显著差异。随后，使用设计用于检测102个毒力和49个耐药决定因素的微阵列对77个菌株的代表性亚群进行了研究。结果证实并扩展了先前使用病毒聚合酶链反应筛选的观察结果。属于同一血清型的菌株聚在一起，表明更广泛的毒力相关基因补体与血清型相对应。然而，在属于单个血清型的菌株之间，毒力基因谱存在一些差异。这种变异主要发生在原噬菌体编码的毒力基因中，在毛簇中或在毒力质粒中。似乎这种变化使沙门氏菌能够适应不同的环境条件，这可能反映在血清特异性生态中。在该菌株亚群中检测到许多抗性基因，并在不同程度上受到血清型限制。在所有被调查的宿主和国家中，每种血清型的这些编码抗性基因的谱再次相似或相同。
The combination of virulence gene and antimicrobial resistance gene typing using DNA arrays is a recently developed genomics-based approach to bacterial molecular epidemiology. We have now applied this technology to 523 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains collected from various host sources and public health and veterinary institutes across nine European countries. The strain set included the five predominant Salmonella serovars isolated in Europe (Enteritidis, Typhimurium, Infantis, Virchow, and Hadar). Initially, these strains were screened for 10 potential virulence factors (avrA, ssaQ, mgtC, siiD, sopB, gipA, sodC1, sopE1, spvC, and bcfC) by polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that only 14 profiles comprising these genes (virulotypes) were observed throughout Europe. Moreover, most of these virulotypes were restricted to only one (n = 9) or two (n = 4) serovars. The data also indicated that the virulotype did not vary significantly with host source or geographical location. Subsequently, a representative subset of 77 strains was investigated using a microarray designed to detect 102 virulence and 49 resistance determinants. The results confirmed and extended the previous observations using the virulo-polymerase chain reaction screen. Strains belonging to the same serovar grouped together, indicating that the broader virulence-associated gene complement corresponded with the serovar. There were, however, some differences in the virulence gene profiles between strains belonging to an individual serovar. This variation occurred primarily within those virulence genes that were prophage encoded, in fimbrial clusters or in the virulence plasmid. It seems likely that such changes enable Salmonella to adapt to different environmental conditions, which might be reflected in serovar-specific ecology. In this strain subset a number of resistance genes were detected and were serovar restricted to a varying degree. Once again the profiles of those genes encoding resistance were similar or the same for each serovar in all hosts and countries investigated.