Water Savings in Irrigated Agriculture
Water Savings in Irrigated Agriculture
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灌溉农业节水
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
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通讯作者：
J. Knox
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Hess;J. Knox
农业节水通常是指减少抽取或转移用于不同目的的水量。然而，这并不是唯一的选择：也可以通过使用适当的灌溉技术、采用相关的管理做法、使用替代水源或影响行为-例如，通过提高认识、传播最佳做法、监管、水定价和/或使用财政奖励-来减少用水。虽然这些备选办法或对策将有助于减少对水资源的压力，但如果孤立地实施，它们将限制实际“节约”水的程度。更经常的是，需要将它们视为更广泛的水管理综合办法的一部分。本文提出了一个框架，以确定在哪些领域实现节水的空间存在，然后审查可能的行动手段和限制执行。该框架旨在为旨在改善灌溉农业水资源可持续性和分配的政策提供信息。
Water saving in agriculture often refers to reducing the amount of water abstracted or diverted and used for different purposes. However, this is not the only option: reductions in water use can also be achieved by using appropriate techniques for irrigation, applying relevant management practices, using water from alternative sources or influencing behaviour – for example, via awareness-raising, dissemination of best practices, regulation, water pricing and/or the use of financial incentives. While these options or responses will help to reduce pressure on water resources, if implemented in isolation they limit the extent to which water is actually ‘saved’. More often, they need to be considered as part of a broader integrated approach to water management. This paper presents a framework for identifying areas in which scope for achieving water savings exists and then reviews the possible means of action and the constraints to implementation. The framework is intended to inform polices aimed at improving the sustainability and allocation of water to irrigated agriculture.