Phonetic effects of grammatical category: How category-specific prosodic phrasing and lexical frequency impact the duration of nouns and verbs

Phonetic effects of grammatical category: How category-specific prosodic phrasing and lexical frequency impact the duration of nouns and verbs
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语法类别的语音效果:特定类别的韵律短语和词汇频率如何影响名词和动词的持续时间

DOI:
10.1016/j.wocn.2019.100939
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
J. Phonetics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Erin Conwell
Erin Conwell
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arne Lohmann ;Erin Conwell

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本文主要研究语法范畴的语音关联,特别是名词在语篇中的发音时长大于动词。以往的研究大多将这一差异归因于两种语法范畴所占据的句子位置以及随之而来的韵律效应。基于以前的研究结果,我们测试两个进一步的影响,即类别特定的影响韵律的措辞,这导致更强的韵律边界后,名词比动词,即使在最大限度地相似的句法环境,和减少影响的词汇频率导致更短的持续时间更频繁的词。这些影响进行了测试,在生产研究调查的持续时间差异的12名动词同音词对英语中的两个小句中的上下文。我们发现这两种效果的证据:在所有条件下,名词后的韵律边界比动词更强,导致名词的持续时间更长,由于边界前的延长。此外,频率的差异导致具有较大频率的一对同音字的持续时间减小。我们提出了一种解释,语法范畴的语音效应是由句子韵律、特定范畴的韵律短语和词频的相互作用引起的。
This paper is concerned with phonetic correlates of grammatical category, specifically the finding that nouns are pronounced with greater duration than verbs in discourse. Most previous research has attributed this difference to the sentence positions that the two grammatical categories occupy and concomitant prosodic effects. Based on previous findings, we test two further effects, namely a category-specific effect on prosodic phrasing, which leads to stronger prosodic boundaries after nouns than verbs even in maximally similar syntactic contexts, and a reductive effect of lexical frequency leading to shorter durations of the more frequent word. These effects are tested in a production study investigating durational differences of twelve noun–verb homophone pairs in English in two clause-medial contexts. We find evidence for both effects: prosodic boundaries are stronger after nouns than verbs across all conditions, resulting in greater durations of nouns due to pre-boundary lengthening. Furthermore, differences in frequency result in a reduced duration of the homophone of the pair which has the greater frequency. We propose an explanation in which phonetic effects of grammatical category are caused by the interplay of sentence prosody, category-specific prosodic phrasing and lexical frequency.
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