The plant mitochondrial carrier family: functional and evolutionary aspects.
The plant mitochondrial carrier family: functional and evolutionary aspects.
复制标题
植物线粒体载体家族：功能和进化方面。
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2012.00002
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Schmitz-Esser S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haferkamp I;Schmitz-Esser S
线粒体在呼吸和能量产生中起关键作用，并且参与多种真核生物以及多种植物特异性代谢途径。线粒体内膜中的溶质载体将内部代谢与周围细胞的代谢联系起来。由于它们共同的基本结构，这些转运蛋白隶属于线粒体载体家族（MCF）。通常，MCF蛋白由六个跨膜螺旋组成，表现出典型的保守结构域，并在天然膜中表现为同源二聚体。虽然结构上相关，但MCF蛋白催化各种底物的特异性转运，如核苷酸、氨基酸、二羧酸盐、辅因子、磷酸盐或H+。最近的研究发现MCF蛋白也存在于其他几种细胞区室中，因此它们的定位和生理功能不仅限于线粒体。MCF蛋白是真核生物的特征，细菌基因组缺乏相应的序列。因此，MCF蛋白的进化起源最有可能与线粒体的建立有关。目前尚不清楚是宿主细胞、共生体还是嵌合生物发明了古老的MCF序列。在这里，我们试图解释不同的MCF蛋白的建立，并专注于从植物，特别是从拟南芥的成员的特点。
Mitochondria play a key role in respiration and energy production and are involved in multiple eukaryotic but also in several plant specific metabolic pathways. Solute carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane connect the internal metabolism with that of the surrounding cell. Because of their common basic structure, these transport proteins affiliate to the mitochondrial carrier family (MCF). Generally, MCF proteins consist of six membrane spanning helices, exhibit typical conserved domains and appear as homodimers in the native membrane. Although structurally related, MCF proteins catalyze the specific transport of various substrates, such as nucleotides, amino acids, dicarboxylates, cofactors, phosphate or H+. Recent investigations identified MCF proteins also in several other cellular compartments and therefore their localization and physiological function is not only restricted to mitochondria. MCF proteins are a characteristic feature of eukaryotes and bacterial genomes lack corresponding sequences. Therefore, the evolutionary origin of MCF proteins is most likely associated with the establishment of mitochondria. It is not clear whether the host cell, the symbiont, or the chimerical organism invented the ancient MCF sequence. Here, we try to explain the establishment of different MCF proteins and focus on the characteristics of members from plants, in particular from Arabidopsis thaliana.
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