Any way the wind blows ‐ frequent wind dispersal drives species sorting in ephemeral aquatic communities
Any way the wind blows ‐ frequent wind dispersal drives species sorting in ephemeral aquatic communities
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无论风向如何——频繁的风传播会推动短暂水生群落中的物种分类
DOI：
10.1111/j.2007.0030-1299.16349.x
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
L. Brendonck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Vanschoenwinkel;S. Gielen;M. Seaman;L. Brendonck
尽管在社区之间的空间相互作用和扩散对生态和进化过程的影响的兴趣激增，在自然metacquitities的扩散模式和动态仍然知之甚少。虽然淡水无脊椎动物的被动空中传播被普遍接受，风作为一种媒介的频率和相对重要性仍然是相当大的争论的主题。我们评估了在南非一个孤立的山顶上的36个临时岩池的集群中的无脊椎动物的metaceritivity风传播的重要性。每四天使用九个风向袋（岩石基础以上约1.5米），在一个月内放置在该领域的风传播进行量化。距离最近的游泳池从2米到16米不等。整个期间都在监测风向和风速。捕获了17个类群的约850个繁殖体（主要是休眠卵）。水池中的水的存在（休眠繁殖体库的暴露水平）和主导风向是影响产量的关键因素。风速就不那么重要了。我们的研究结果表明，风传播的繁殖体从临时水生系统比以前认为的更频繁。这可能会通过介导种群之间的基因流动和促进斑块的快速（重新）定植来稳定元群落。另一方面，风蚀休眠繁殖体库可能导致卵库枯竭和局部灭绝。测得的频繁的风传播最有可能燃料强大的物种分类过程，最终塑造当地社区的结构，在早期的研究中观察到的。阐明本地扩散率和它们的贡献之间的联系，远距离扩散的水生无脊椎动物的空中扩散的未来研究是一个重大的挑战。
Despite an upsurge of interest in spatial interactions between communities and in the impact of dispersal on ecological and evolutionary processes, dispersal patterns and dynamics in natural metacommunities remain poorly understood. Although passive aerial dispersal of freshwater invertebrates is generally accepted, the frequency and relative importance of wind as a vector is still subject of considerable debate. We assessed the importance of wind dispersal in an invertebrate metacommunity in a cluster of 36 temporary rock pools on an isolated mountaintop in South Africa. Wind dispersal was quantified every four days using nine windsocks (about 1.5 m above rock base), placed in the field during one month. Distance to the nearest pool varied from 2 up to 16 m. Wind direction and speed were monitored for the entire period. About 850 propagules (mostly resting eggs) of 17 taxa were captured. The presence of water in the pools (level of exposure of the dormant propagule bank) and the dominant wind direction were the key factors affecting the yield. Wind speed was much less important. Our results suggest that wind dispersal of propagules from temporary aquatic systems is more frequent than previously thought. This may stabilise the metacommunity by mediating gene flow among populations and facilitating rapid (re)colonisation of patches. On the other hand, wind erosion of the dormant propagule bank may lead to egg bank depletion and local extinction. The measured frequent wind dispersal most likely fuels strong species sorting processes ultimately shaping the structure of the local communities as observed in an earlier study. To elucidate the link between local dispersal rates and their contribution to long range dispersal is a major challenge for future research on aerial dispersal of aquatic invertebrates.