Photonic Quantum Technologies
Photonic Quantum Technologies
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DOI：
10.1002/qute.202000007
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
M. Benyoucef;A. Bennett;S. Götzinger;Chaoyang Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Benyoucef;A. Bennett;S. Götzinger;Chaoyang Lu
光子是整个量子信息处理领域非常有前途的资源。体光学目前由于几个缺点而不适合于实现复杂的量子光学方案。由于复杂的纳米纤维的可用性，光子结构的持续小型化为纳米光子系统和量子技术应用中的新现象的物理研究提供了巨大的机会。这些包括量子信息处理，如量子计算，量子通信，量子计量学和量子传感。量子通信已经相当先进，有几个商业上可用的量子密钥分发（QKD）系统提供绝对的安全性。光子量子技术使量子物理实验测试取得突破，并接近量子技术在成像、安全通信、超灵敏计量和量子计算方面的实际应用。将量子比特编码到光子上有几个优点：单光子的制备和操作很容易，光子量子比特是量子成像和通信的天然候选者。此外，量子比特可以以各种自由度编码，例如光子的位置、相位、时间仓、能量、角动量、偏振或这些的组合。这种灵活性为科学探索和实际应用带来了巨大的机会。这期关于“光子量子技术”的特刊介绍了来自世界领先团体的光子量子系统论文。这些文章代表了这一领域正在进行的前沿研究的一种风格。所研究的材料系统范围从分子到半导体量子发射器。一个主要的挑战是电信光子的设计
Photons are very promising resources for the whole field of quantum information processing. Bulk optics are currently not suitable for the realization of complex quantum optical schemes due to several drawbacks. The ongoing miniaturization of photonic structures due to the availability of sophisticated nanofabrication has provided huge opportunities for physical research of novel phenomena in nanophotonic systems and quantum technological applications. These include quantum information processing such as quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum metrology, and quantum sensing. Quantum communication is already quite advanced with several quantum key distribution (QKD) systems commercially available offering absolute security. Photonic quantum technologies are enabling breakthroughs in experimental tests of quantum physics and are close to practical applications of quantum technologies in imaging, secure communications, ultrasensitive metrology and quantum computing. There are several advantages to encoding a quantum bit onto a photon: the preparation and manipulation of single photons is easy, and the photonic qubit is a natural candidate for quantum imaging and communications. Furthermore, the qubit can be encoded in various degrees of freedom such as on the position, phase, time-bin, energy, angular momentum, polarization of the photon—or a combination of these. This flexibility leads to enormous opportunities for scientific exploration and in practical applications. This special issue on “Photonic Quantum Technologies” presents selected papers on photonic quantum systems from leading groups in the world. The articles represent a flavor of the cutting-edge research that is going on in this area. The studied material systems range from molecules to semiconductor quantum emitters. A major challenge is the design of telecom photon