Inclusion and exclusion in the digital economy: disability and mental health as a live streamer on Twitch.tv
Inclusion and exclusion in the digital economy: disability and mental health as a live streamer on Twitch.tv
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DOI：
10.1080/1369118x.2018.1476575
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Johnson, Mark R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, Mark R.
在本文中，我探讨了直播（通过互联网向全球分散的观众直播一个人的活动）为残疾人和心理健康问题提供的经济和包容机会。在2016年和2017年，领先的直播平台Twitch电视播放了超过50万年的视频，这些视频由200多万个常规广播公司（流媒体）制作，并被数亿观众收看。主播可以获利，最高水平的主播可以获得“全职生活工资”。许多有慢性健康问题的成功主播都讨论过流媒体给他们带来的个人和职业好处。本文利用来自100个访谈研究项目的数据，以及大约500小时的人种学观察，研究了有残疾、有精神健康问题或有身体健康问题的播音员的直播体验。首先，我探讨了流媒体对这些广播公司的积极因素，重点关注了这一人口统计中所代表的许多条件，以及流媒体为包容和社区带来的好处。其次，我考虑了这些流媒体主播的负面经历，重点是健康和技术的纠缠，这使得他们的流媒体生活可能比同事更具挑战性。第三，我关注平台提供的经济机会和创业活动的潜力。我通过探索这些方面如何使直播成为这些个人潜在的模范解放和创业空间来结束分析，但并非没有挑战。
In this paper I explore economic and inclusion opportunities for people with disabilities and mental health issues afforded by live streaming' the live broadcast of one's activities over the internet to a globally dispersed audience. In both 2016 and 2017, the leading live streaming platform Twitch.tv broadcast over 500,000 years of video, which were produced by over two million regular broadcasters (streamers'), and consumed by an audience of several hundred million viewers. Streamers can profit, up to and including a full-time living wage' for those at the highest levels. Numerous successful streamers with chronic health issues have discussed the personal and professional benefits streaming brings them. Utilising data from a research project with 100 interviews, alongside approximately 500 hours of ethnographic observation, this paper examines the experiences of live streaming for broadcasters with disabilities, mental health issues, or physical health issues. Firstly, I explore the positive elements of streaming for these broadcasters, focusing on the many conditions represented in this demographic, and the benefits streaming gives for inclusion and community. Secondly, I consider the negative experiences of these streamers, focused on entanglements of health and technology that make their streaming lives potentially more challenging than their colleagues. Thirdly, I focus on the economic opportunities, and the potential for entrepreneurial activity, the platform affords. I conclude the analysis by exploring how these aspects make live streaming a potentially exemplary emancipatory and entrepreneurial space for these individuals, but not one without challenges.