Tissue repair, contraction, and the myofibroblast
Tissue repair, contraction, and the myofibroblast
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130102.x
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gabbiani, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desmoulière, A;Chaponnier, C;Gabbiani, G
在用电子显微镜首次描述开放创面肉芽组织中的肌成纤维细胞作为成纤维细胞和平滑肌细胞之间的中间细胞之后，在正常组织中，特别是在需要机械力发展的部位，在与增生性瘢痕、纤维瘤病和纤维收缩疾病有关的病理组织中，以及在对上皮性肿瘤的间质反应中，都发现了肌成纤维细胞。现在公认的是成纤维细胞/肌成纤维细胞的转变始于原肌成纤维细胞的出现，其应激纤维只含有β和γ胞浆肌动蛋白，并进化成分化的肌成纤维细胞，它是这种细胞最常见的变体，其应激纤维含有α-平滑肌肌动蛋白。肌成纤维细胞的分化是一个复杂的过程，至少受一种细胞因子(转化生长因子-β1)、一种细胞外基质成分(细胞纤维连接蛋白的ED-A剪接体)以及机械张力的调节。肌成纤维细胞是创伤愈合和纤维化发展过程中结缔组织重塑的关键细胞。在此基础上，肌成纤维细胞可能是改善增生性瘢痕、肝、肾或肺纤维化等疾病演变的新的重要靶点。
After the first description of the myofibroblast in granulation tissue of an open wound by means of electron microscopy, as an intermediate cell between the fibroblast and the smooth muscle cell, the myofibroblast has been identified both in normal tissues, particularly in locations where there is a necessity of mechanical force development, and in pathological tissues, in relation with hypertrophic scarring, fibromatoses and fibrocontractive diseases as well as in the stroma reaction to epithelial tumors. It is now accepted that fibroblast/myofibroblast transition begins with the appearance of the protomyofibroblast, whose stress fibers contain only beta- and gamma-cytoplasmic actins and evolves, but not necessarily always, into the appearance of the differentiated myofibroblast, the most common variant of this cell, with stress fibers containing of.-smooth muscle actin. Myofibroblast differentiation is a complex process, regulated by at least a cytokine (the transforming growth factor-beta1), an extracellular matrix component (the ED-A splice variant of cellular fibronectin), as well as the presence of mechanical tension. The myofibroblast is a key cell for the connective tissue remodeling that takes place during wound healing and fibrosis development. On this basis, the myofibroblast may represent a new important target for improving the evolution of such diseases as hypertrophic scars, and liver, kidney or pulmonary fibrosis.