Digital data sources and methods for conservation culturomics
Digital data sources and methods for conservation culturomics
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DOI：
10.1111/cobi.13706
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发表时间：
2021-03-22
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Di Minin, Enrico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Correia, Ricardo A.;Ladle, Richard;Di Minin, Enrico
生物多样性的持续丧失主要是不可持续的人类行为造成的。因此，生物多样性保护的长期成功取决于对人与自然相互作用的透彻理解。这种相互作用无处不在，但在时间和空间上变化很大，很难在大的空间尺度上进行有效监测。然而，信息时代也为更好地理解人与自然的互动提供了新的机会，因为日常生活的许多方面都以各种数字格式记录下来。保护文化组学是一个新兴的研究领域，旨在利用数字化的数据源和方法来研究人与自然的相互作用，从而为相关时空尺度上的保护研究提供新的工具。然而，与相关数据的识别、获取和分析相关的技术挑战阻碍了文化组学方法的广泛采用。为了帮助克服这些障碍，我们提出了一个保护文化组学的研究框架，解决数据采集，分析和固有的偏见。文化数据的主要来源包括网页，社交媒体和其他数字平台，从中可以获得内容和参与度的指标。从这些平台获取原始数据通常是可取的，但需要仔细考虑如何访问，存储和准备数据进行分析。数据分析方法包括探索主题之间联系的网络方法，时间数据的时间序列分析，以及突出空间模式的空间建模。与文化组学研究相关的突出挑战包括跨学科，伦理，数据偏见和验证问题。我们提供的实际指导将帮助保护研究人员和从业人员识别和获得必要的数据，并针对他们的具体问题进行适当的分析，从而促进更广泛地采用文化组学方法进行保护应用。
Ongoing loss of biological diversity is primarily the result of unsustainable human behavior. Thus, the long-term success of biodiversity conservation depends on a thorough understanding of human-nature interactions. Such interactions are ubiquitous but vary greatly in time and space and are difficult to monitor efficiently at large spatial scales. However, the Information Age also provides new opportunities to better understand human-nature interactions because many aspects of daily life are recorded in a variety of digital formats. The emerging field of conservation culturomics aims to take advantage of digital data sources and methods to study human-nature interactions and thus to provide new tools for studying conservation at relevant temporal and spatial scales. Nevertheless, technical challenges associated with the identification, access, and analysis of relevant data hamper the wider adoption of culturomics methods. To help overcome these barriers, we propose a conservation culturomics research framework that addresses data acquisition, analysis, and inherent biases. The main sources of culturomic data include web pages, social media, and other digital platforms from which metrics of content and engagement can be obtained. Obtaining raw data from these platforms is usually desirable but requires careful consideration of how to access, store, and prepare the data for analysis. Methods for data analysis include network approaches to explore connections between topics, time-series analysis for temporal data, and spatial modeling to highlight spatial patterns. Outstanding challenges associated with culturomics research include issues of interdisciplinarity, ethics, data biases, and validation. The practical guidance we offer will help conservation researchers and practitioners identify and obtain the necessary data and carry out appropriate analyses for their specific questions, thus facilitating the wider adoption of culturomics approaches for conservation applications.