Higher Education Reform: Focusing on National University Reform
Higher Education Reform: Focusing on National University Reform
复制标题
高等教育改革：聚焦国立大学改革
DOI：
10.1007/978-981-13-2632-5_12
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Morozumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Morozumi
在日本，曾经有一种趋势是政府对高等教育进行强有力的控制，甚至从国际的角度来看也是如此(Clark 1983)。这种方法试图通过限制大学的数量，建立遵守的最低标准，并严格执行“先前的规定”来确保最佳的教育质量。然而，尽管这一政府规定确保了一贯的质量，但这项政策受到了批评，因为它被认为阻碍了个性和大学的多样化。因此，在20世纪90年代，政府采取了一种不同的方式，放松了监管，允许更大的大学自主权。例如，在1991年的《大学放松管制法》中，大学在教育内容和课程方面获得了更大程度的自由。基于小泉政府大力推进市场原则和自由竞争的体制改革，控制大学和院系新增规模的政策在2003年基本上被废止，取而代之的是变之前的规定为事后检查的政策，并引入了第三方评估制度。
At one time, there was a trend toward strong governmental control in higher education in Japan, even from an international perspective (Clark 1983). This approach attempted to ensure the best educational quality by limiting the number of universities, establishing minimum standards of adherence, and strictly applying “prior regulations.” However, although this governmental regulation ensured consistent quality, the policy was criticized as it was perceived to discourage individuality and the diversification of universities. Thus, in the 1990s, the government adopted a different approach by easing regulations to allow greater university autonomy. For example, in the 1991 Deregulation of University Act, universities were granted a greater degree of freedom in terms of educational content and curricula. Based on the Koizumi administration’s strong move toward structural reform of market principles and free competition, the policy of controlling new extensions to universities and departments was essentially annulled in 2003; instead, a policy was established that changed prior regulations to post-checks, and a third-party evaluation system was introduced.
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
Asian Pacific Journal of Education 27-3
影响因子：
--
作者：
Oba;J.
通讯作者：
J.