Strategies for evaluating the effectiveness of training programs.
Strategies for evaluating the effectiveness of training programs.
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发表时间：
1994-04
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通讯作者：
Gotsch Ar;Weidner Bl
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作者：
Gotsch Ar;Weidner Bl
本章举例说明了在开展与培训同时进行的评价活动时应考虑的实际和理论因素。评价选择是根据培训领域其他人的考虑和经验、方案和政策研究的合理理由以及培训的现实限制和要求来描述的。讨论提出了一些与收集和分析受训者、项目和测试数据有关的基本技术问题。它还提出了优化程序和数据收集程序内外接口的一些基本考虑。最后，它提出了培训领域其他模型和方法的数据分析选项。应尽可能使用选定的标准变量，以促进培训和报告工作。许多变量和程序将在基于培训目标的计划之间有所不同;其他变量和程序应该是基本活动的一部分。作者的结论是，使用人口统计学，程序，测试和非测试有效性的措施都是重要的，在评估培训工作和工具本身的质量。如有可能，这种努力应扩大到包括在工作现场的行为评估，如发生在工作现场开发和提供的行为为基础的培训。一般而言，与评价有关的大多数问题都可以修改。事实上，通过对所提到的问题作出反应，无论是支持还是反对各种方法，都有可能解决合理的技术问题，并最大限度地提高数据的强度。方案评价的价值最终将取决于关键变量的选择以及数据收集和分析活动的使用，以最大限度地发挥其潜力。项目评估对政策制定的价值将在很大程度上取决于项目评估的质量以及类似项目合作和报告成果的程度。
This chapter has provided examples of practical and theoretical considerations that should be made when developing evaluation activities concomitant to training. Evaluation choices have been described based on considerations and experiences from others in the training field, sound rationale for program and policy research, and realistic constraints and demands of training. The discussion has presented some of the basic technical issues associated with the collection and analysis of trainee, program, and test data. It also has presented some basic considerations in optimizing procedures and in interfacing within and beyond programs for data collection. Finally, it has presented options available for data analysis from other models and methods in the training field. Whenever possible, select standard variables should be used to facilitate the advancement of training and reporting. Many variables and procedures will differ between programs based on training objectives; others should be part of basic activities. The authors conclude that use of demographic, program, and tests and nontest effectiveness measures are all important in assessing the quality of training efforts and the instruments themselves. When possible, such efforts should expand to include behavior assessment at the worksite, as occurs with behavior-based training developed and provided at the work-site. Most issues relating to evaluation in general are amenable to modification. Indeed, by responding to the issues cited, both in support of and in opposition to various methods, it is possible to address valid technical concerns and maximize data strength. The value of program evaluation will ultimately be based on the selection of critical variables and the use of data collection and analysis activities that maximize their potential. The value of program evaluation to policy development will largely be dependent upon the quality of program evaluation and the extent to which similar programs collaborate and report their outcomes.