Two New Ciliates from the North China Seas, Schizocalyptra aeschtae nov. spec. and Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec., with New Definition of the Genus Sathrophilus (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophora)
Two New Ciliates from the North China Seas, Schizocalyptra aeschtae nov. spec. and Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec., with New Definition of the Genus Sathrophilus (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophora)
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Hongan Long;Weibo Song;A. Warren;K. Al-Rasheid;J. Gong;Xiangrui Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hongan Long;Weibo Song;A. Warren;K. Al-Rasheid;J. Gong;Xiangrui Chen
摘要对采自青岛附近桑迪海滩的两种海洋纤毛虫Schizococcultra aeschtae nov. spec.和Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec.的生活形态、纤毛下结构和银线系统进行了研究。裂殖吸虫（Schizococcultra aeschtae）的形态特征为：活体75-200 × 30-80 μm，两侧扁平，约1：2，后半部纤毛延长约15条，体动肌平均60条，第1膜（M1）和第2膜（M2 b）基部较短，第3膜与第2膜（M2 a）长度相同，口旁膜后部有6-12片，口旁膜的长度约为10 - 20 μ m。2到许多不同形状和大小的大核结节;一个大的收缩泡位于末端;海洋生境。新种（Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec.）的特征是：体长35-70 × 20-40 µm，圆柱形，背腹扁平，尾鬃明显较长，体动子平均21个，M1三列，二分，第一列明显较长，与其它两列分开，M2两列，L形，M2与M3的长度比约为3：1。口旁膜延伸到M2水平以上; SK 1末端有一个收缩的液泡孔;海洋生境。根据现代研究，对嗜沙蚊属的分类尚不明确，提出了一个新的定义：背腹扁平、细长，具四膜虫样颊器和二分的M1，口旁膜稍弯曲，终止于M1/M2水平，颊区在赤道面以上，口后动体和动体群（盾）存在;有明显长的尾部刚毛和一个明显的，无纤毛的顶部板。根据Holtae沙蝇的形态特征和形态发生特征，初步讨论了沙蝇属的系统位置，认为沙蝇属是一个斜头虫科，而不是盾纤毛类或膜口虫科。此外，还发现了一个异名，即Paradexiotricha，并提出了一个新的组合：Sathrophilus puytoraci（Groliere 1975）nov. comb. [basionym：Paradexiotricha puytoraci Groliere，1975]。
Summary. The living morphology, infraciliature, and silverline system of two marine ciliates, Schizocalyptra aeschtae nov. spec. and Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec. collected from sandy beaches near Qingdao, north China seas, were investigated. Schizocalyptra aeschtae is diagnosed as follows: 75–200 × 30–80 µm in vivo, bilaterally flattened about 1:2; about 15 prolonged cilia in posterior half of body; 60 somatic kineties on average; bases of membranelle 1 (M1) and M2b short; M3 about the same length as M2a; paroral membrane with 6–12 fragments at its posterior part; 2 to numerous macronuclear nodules in different shapes and sizes; one large contractile vacuole terminally located; marine habitat. Sathrophilus holtae nov. spec. is characterized by: in vivo 35–70 × 20–40 µm, cylindrical in outline; dorsoventrally flattened, with a conspicuously long caudal bristle; 21 somatic kineties on average; M1 three-rowed and bipartite with first row conspicuously long and separated from the other two; M2 two-rowed and L-shaped; ratio of lengths of M2 to M3 about 3:1; paroral membrane extending to above level of M2; one contractile vacuole pore at the end of SK1; marine habitat. Since no diagnosis according to modern investigation is available for the genus Sathrophilus, a new definition is supplied: dorsoventrally flattened, elongated Cinetochilidae with Tetrahymena-like buccal apparatus and bipartite M1; paroral membrane slightly curved, terminating anteriorly to about level of M1/M2; buccal field above the equatorial level; postoral kineties and groups of kinetosomes (scutica) present; having a distinctly long caudal bristle and one conspicuous, cilia-free apically plate. The systematic position of Sathrophilus is briefly discussed which, based on the morphological and morphogenetic characters of Sathrophilus holtae, appears to be a loxocephalid rather than a scuticociliate or a hymenostomatid. In addition, a synonym is recognized, i.e. Paradexiotricha, and a new combination is suggested: Sathrophilus puytoraci (Groliere 1975) nov. comb. [basionym: Paradexiotricha puytoraci Groliere, 1975].