Extrapolating understanding of food risk perceptions to emerging food safety cases
Extrapolating understanding of food risk perceptions to emerging food safety cases
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DOI：
10.1080/13669877.2017.1281330
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Frewer, Lynn J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaptan, Guelbanu;Fischer, Arnout R. H.;Frewer, Lynn J.
与食品相关的风险认知的重要决定因素是潜在危害被认为具有技术或自然发生起源的程度，以及潜在危害存在的急性与慢性维度（急性或慢性）。本研究提出了一个案例研究分析的基础上，广泛的文献综述，研究这些危险特性如何影响人们的风险和利益的看法，以及相关的态度和行为。这些病例包括E.大肠杆菌感染（与新鲜菠菜和胡芦巴芽有关的爆发）、环境污染物对鱼类的污染（养殖鲑鱼中的有机氯污染物）、核事故（日本福岛事故）后对食品的放射性污染以及进入人类食物链的转基因鲑鱼。对急性与慢性维度的案例分析表明，风险认知和影响之间关系的纵向量化对急性和慢性食品安全都很重要，但这很少应用于慢性危害。应用于食品生产的技术往往可能与更高水平的风险感知有关，与风险是非自然的感知有关。然而，对于某些风险（例如涉及生物不可逆转性的风险），道德或伦理方面的关切可能是比风险或利益观念更重要的决定消费者反应的因素。(Lack在所有案例中，都强调了信任，表明在食品安全事故发生后进行了透明和诚实的风险-效益沟通。优化相关的风险沟通策略，额外的研究联系风险认知，和其他定量措施，包括在时间和空间的比较，建议的影响。
Important determinants of risk perceptions associated with foods are the extent to which the potential hazards are perceived to have technological or naturally occurring origins, together with the acute vs. chronic dimension in which the potential hazard is presented (acute or chronic). This study presents a case study analysis based on an extensive literature review examining how these hazard characteristics affect people's risk and benefit perceptions, and associated attitudes and behaviors. The cases include E. coli incidences (outbreaks linked to fresh spinach and fenugreek sprouts), contamination of fish by environmental pollutants, (organochlorine contaminants in farmed salmon), radioactive contamination of food following a nuclear accident (the Fukushima accident in Japan), and GM salmon destined for the human food chain. The analysis of the cases over the acute vs. chronic dimension suggests that longitudinal quantification of the relationship between risk perceptions and impacts is important for both acute and chronic food safety, but this has infrequently been applied to chronic hazards. Technologies applied to food production tend to potentially be associated with higher levels of risk perception, linked to perceptions that the risk is unnatural. However, for some risks (e.g. those involving biological irreversibility), moral or ethical concerns may be more important determinants of consumer responses than risk or benefit perceptions. (Lack of) trust has been highlighted in all of the cases suggesting transparent and honest risk-benefit communications following the occurrence of a food safety incident. Implications for optimizing associated risk communication strategies, additional research linking risk perception, and other quantitative measures, including comparisons in time and space, are suggested.