A thermodynamic fluctuation relation for temperature and energy
A thermodynamic fluctuation relation for temperature and energy
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DOI：
10.1088/1751-8113/42/9/095006
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发表时间：
2007-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Velázquez;S. Curilef
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Velázquez;S. Curilef
本工作推广了正则系综中著名的热力学关系C=β2⟨δE_2⟩。我们从我们在文中定义的有限大系统和广义恒温器之间热力学平衡的一般情况出发。由此得到的恒等式⟨δβδE⟩=1+⟨δE_2⟩∂_2S(E)/∂E_2可以解释热容为负的热力学状态C<；0；同时，它代表了一种热力学涨落关系，它对微正则热曲线β(E)=∂S(E)/∂E的测定施加了一些限制。最后，我们简要地评论了本结果对发展新的蒙特卡罗方法的意义以及与量子力学的明显类比。
The present work extends the well-known thermodynamic relation C = β2⟨δE2⟩ for the canonical ensemble. We start from the general situation of the thermodynamic equilibrium between a large but finite system of interest and a generalized thermostat, which we define in the course of the paper. The resulting identity ⟨δβδE⟩ = 1 + ⟨δE2⟩∂2S(E)/∂E2 can account for thermodynamic states with a negative heat capacity C < 0; at the same time, it represents a thermodynamic fluctuation relation that imposes some restrictions on the determination of the microcanonical caloric curve β(E) = ∂S(E)/∂E. Finally, we comment briefly on the implications of the present result for the development of new Monte Carlo methods and an apparent analogy with quantum mechanics.