Implementation intentions and shielding goal striving from unwanted thoughts and feelings
Implementation intentions and shielding goal striving from unwanted thoughts and feelings
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DOI：
10.1177/0146167207311201
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Sheeran, Paschal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Achtziger, Anja;Gollwitzer, Peter M.;Sheeran, Paschal
形成实施意图或“如果-那么计划”可以促进不同类型目标的实现（Gollwitzer，1999；Gollwitzer & Sheeran，2006）。迄今为止，对于执行意图的研究主要集中在目标奋斗的启动上，而对持续目标奋斗的屏蔽问题却基本上被忽视了。在涉及节食（研究 1）和运动目标（研究 2）的两项现场实验中，目标屏蔽得到了旨在控制潜在干扰性内心状态（即研究 1 中对垃圾食品的渴望，以及研究 2 中破坏性想法、感受和生理状态）的实施意图的支持。在这两个实验中，制定“如果-那么”计划都提高了目标实现率。因此，实施意图的形成不仅可以促进目标奋斗的开始，而且可以防止目标奋斗偏离轨道，从而促进期望结果的实现。
Forming an implementation intention or "if-then plan" promotes the attainment of different types of goals (Gollwitzer, 1999; Gollwitzer & Sheeran, 2006). So far, research on implementation intentions has focused on the initiation of goal striving, whereas the issue of shielding of ongoing goal striving has been largely neglected. In two field experiments concerned with dieting (Study 1) and athletic goals (Study 2), goal shielding was supported by implementation intentions geared at controlling potentially interfering inner states (i.e., cravings for junk food in Study 1, and disruptive thoughts, feelings, and physiological states in Study 2). In both experiments, forming if-then plans enhanced the rate of goal attainment. Thus, implementation intention formation can be used to promote the realization of desired outcomes not only by facilitating getting started with goal striving but also by preventing goal striving from straying off course.