Temperature dependence of fitness components in geographical populations of Drosophila melanogaster:: changing the association between size and fitness
Temperature dependence of fitness components in geographical populations of Drosophila melanogaster:: changing the association between size and fitness
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2003.00271.x
复制
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
De Jong, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bochdanovits, Z;De Jong, G
与“越大越好”的传统观念相反，高温下的进化总是导致黑胃果蝇的小个体。自然选择被认为是原因之一，这意味着那些因为适应高温而体型较小的基因型一定具有一些依赖于温度的适应性优势。在这项研究中，我们考虑了成虫前和成虫的适应度，并表明只有在低温和低幼虫密度下进行测试时，来自冷适应种群的大型成虫才显著优于来自热适应种群的小型成虫。在所有其他条件下，“越大不一定越好”，这意味着环境影响能够改变体型和健康之间的关系。然而，在考虑健康的整体衡量标准时，在任何情况下，“更小也不是更好”。个体适应度成分的检测揭示了种群在成虫前生存中受温度相互作用的影响；这种相互作用可能能够解释小的成年体型的温度特异性优势。在高温下，温暖适应种群表现出优越的成虫前存活率，同时产生较小的成虫。成虫体型的地理差异似乎是对幼虫生长和竞争策略的选择的结果，从而导致了健康成分之间关系的改变。(C) 2003伦敦林奈学会。
Contrary to the conventional wisdom 'bigger is better', evolution at high temperature invariably leads to small individuals in Drosophila melanogaster. Natural selection is known to be responsible, meaning that genotypes that are small because of adaptation to high temperature must have some temperature dependent fitness advantage. In this study we consider both preadult and adult fitness components, and show that large adults from a cold adapted population significantly outperform small adults from a warm adapted population only when tested at low temperature and low larval density. In all other conditions 'bigger is not necessarily better', meaning that environmental influences are capable of altering the association between size and fitness. Yet, 'smaller wasn't better either' under any condition, when considering the overall measure of fitness. Examination of individual fitness components revealed population by temperature interaction in preadult survival; this interaction is potentially capable of explaining the temperature specific advantage of small adult body size. At high temperature, the warm adapted population exhibits superior preadult survival while producing small adults. Geographical variation in adult body size seems to be the result of selection on larval growth and competitive strategies, resulting in alterations in the association between fitness components. (C) 2003 The Linnean Society of London.