ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF SYMPATRIC STICKLEBACKS (GASTEROSTEUS) - SPATIAL SEGREGATION AND SEASONAL HABITAT SHIFTS IN THE ENOS LAKE SPECIES PAIR
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF SYMPATRIC STICKLEBACKS (GASTEROSTEUS) - SPATIAL SEGREGATION AND SEASONAL HABITAT SHIFTS IN THE ENOS LAKE SPECIES PAIR
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DOI：
10.1139/z84-359
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
MCPHAIL, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BENTZEN, P;RIDGWAY, MS;MCPHAIL, JD
一对刺鱼物种（Gasterosteus）共存于温哥华岛的Enos湖。通过逐月地表和底层取样，考察了物种的空间分异和生境的季节变化。在夏季，有明显的空间隔离；底栖物种的两性均在近岸，有生殖能力的雄性也在沿岸，成年雌性和非繁殖雄性在水面。栖息地也有季节性的变化。男女底栖动物都在春天搬到岸上，整个夏天都呆在那里。到了秋天，在湖水翻过来之后，大量的鱼移到离岸的深水区，似乎分散了。底栖生物物种的这种变化是对低阴离子中季节性氧循环的适应。沼泽物种在春季出现在地表，整个夏秋初秋都停留在地表。深秋时，它们从水面上消失，直到明年春天才重新出现。在冬季，用捕鲸器捕获了少量的鱼。很明显，石灰在冬天会离开地表。这种转变的适应性意义尚不清楚。
A pair of stickleback species (Gasterosteus) coexist in Enos Lake on Vancouver Island. Spatial segregation between species and seasonal habitat shifts were investigated by means of monthly surface and bottom samples. During the summer there was clear spatial segregation; both sexes of the benthic species were inshore, reproductive males of the limnetic species were also in the littoral zone, and adult limnetic females and nonbreeding males were at the surface. There were also seasonal habitat shifts. Benthics of both sexes moved onshore in the spring and remained throughout the summer. In the autumn, after the lake turned over, large numbers moved offshore to deep water and appeared to disperse. This shift in the benthic species is an adaptation to the seasonal O2 cycle in the hypolimnion. The limnetic species appeared at the surface in spring and remained there throughout the summer and early autumn. In late autumn they dissappeared from the surface and did not reappear until next spring. During the winter small numbers were taken in bottom traps. Apparently limnetics move away from the surface during the winter. The adaptive significance of this shift remains unclear.