Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes sleep in rats by modulating the noradrenergic system in the locus coeruleus and serotonergic system in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes sleep in rats by modulating the noradrenergic system in the locus coeruleus and serotonergic system in the dorsal raphe nucleus.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109009
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发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ya-ping Xu;Xiang-yu Cui;Yu-Tong Liu;S. Cui;Yong-He Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ya-ping Xu;Xiang-yu Cui;Yu-Tong Liu;S. Cui;Yong-He Zhang
人参可作为镇静剂改善睡眠障碍，但其有效成分尚不明确。研究人参中含量最丰富的成分原人参三醇组Rg 1和原人参二醇组Rb 1-对大鼠睡眠的影响。雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠连续3天（5、10和20 mg/kg/天）接受Rg 1和Rb 1的灌胃注射。采用脑电图和肌电图分析睡眠参数。神经元活化和单胺能神经递质分别采用免疫组织化学荧光染色和HPLC法进行评价。Rg 1在5、10和20 mg/kg/d剂量下显著增加总睡眠、快速眼动睡眠（REMS）和非快速眼动睡眠（Non-REMS）的持续时间，并延长慢波睡眠占总睡眠的比例。Rg 1治疗后，非快速眼动睡眠事件增加，每次觉醒事件的平均持续时间降低。Rb 1对睡眠参数无影响。Rg 1处理降低蓝斑（LC）去甲肾上腺素能神经元的活性，增加中缝背核（DRN）肾上腺素能神经元的活性。此外，Rg 1抑制细胞外的去甲肾上腺素浓度在LC和DRN和其他睡眠调节脑区的功能可以调制的单胺能神经递质从投射去甲肾上腺素能和多巴胺能神经元。Rg 1可能是P中的促睡眠成分。其作用机制可能与调节去甲肾上腺素能和肾上腺素能系统有关。我们的研究结果还强调了Rg 1和Rb 1之间的功能差异。
Panax ginseng Mayerhas been used as tranquilizer to improve sleep disorder, but its active component is not defined. This study investigated the effects of the most abundant constituents of P. ginseng—protopanaxatriol ginsenoside Rg1 and protopanaxadiol ginsenoside Rb1—on sleep in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received intragastrical injections of Rg1 and Rb1 for 3 days (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day). Sleep parameters were analyzed using electroencephalogram and electromyogram. Neuronal activation and monoaminergic neurotransmitters were evaluated using immunohistochemical fluorescence staining and HPLC, respectively. Rg1 treatment significantly increased the duration of total sleep, rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and Non-REMS at the dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg/day, and also prolonged the proportion of slow-wave sleep in the total sleep. The Non-REMS episodes were increased and the mean duration of each wakefulness episode was depressed by Rg1 treatment. Rb1 had no effect on sleep parameters. Rg1 treatment decreased the activity of noradrenergic neurons in locus coeruleus (LC) and increased the activity of serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Besides, Rg1 depressed extracellular norepinephrine concentrations in both LC and DRN and in other sleep-regulating brain regions of which functions can be modulated by monoaminergic neurotransmitters discharged from projecting noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons. In conclusion, Rg1 might be the sleep-promoting component inP. ginsengand its mechanism may be related to the modulation of noradrenergic and serotonergic systems. Our findings also highlight functional differences between Rg1 and Rb1.