STIM1 clusters and activates CRAC channels via direct binding of a cytosolic domain to Orai1.

STIM1 clusters and activates CRAC channels via direct binding of a cytosolic domain to Orai1.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.02.014
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发表时间:
2009-03-06
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Lewis RS
Lewis RS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Park CY;Hoover PJ;Mullins FM;Bachhawat P;Covington ED;Raunser S;Walz T;Garcia KC;Dolmetsch RE;Lewis RS

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钙池操纵的钙通道是由内质网(ER)中的钙耗尽激活的,是非兴奋细胞中的主要钙进入途径,并且对于T细胞活化和适应性免疫是必需的。随着钙池耗竭,ER Ca 2+传感器STIM 1和CRAC通道蛋白Orai 1重新分布到ER-质膜(PM)连接处,但STIM 1如何激活这些位点的CRAC通道的根本问题尚未解决。在这里,我们确定了一个最小的,高度保守的107-aa CRAC激活结构域(CAD)的STIM 1直接结合到N-和C-末端的Orai 1打开CRAC通道。纯化的CAD形成聚集CRAC通道的四聚体,但STIM 1突变体的分析揭示,通道聚集不足以激活通道。这些研究建立了钙库操纵的Ca 2+进入的分子机制,其中STIM 1与Orai 1的直接结合驱动ER-PM连接处CRAC通道的积累和激活。
Store-operated Ca2+ channels activated by the depletion of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are a major Ca2+ entry pathway in non-excitable cells and are essential for T cell activation and adaptive immunity. Following store depletion, the ER Ca2+ sensor STIM1 and the CRAC channel protein Orai1 redistribute to ER-plasma membrane (PM) junctions, but the fundamental issue of how STIM1 activates the CRAC channel at these sites is unresolved. Here we identify a minimal, highly conserved 107-aa CRAC activation domain (CAD) of STIM1 that binds directly to the N- and C-termini of Orai1 to open the CRAC channel. Purified CAD forms a tetramer that clusters CRAC channels, but analysis of STIM1 mutants reveals that channel clustering is not sufficient for channel activation. These studies establish a molecular mechanism for store-operated Ca2+ entry in which the direct binding of STIM1 to Orai1 drives the accumulation and the activation of CRAC channels at ER-PM junctions.
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