Characterization of Skin Inflammation Induced by Repeated Exposure of Toluene, Xylene, and Formaldehyde in Mice
Characterization of Skin Inflammation Induced by Repeated Exposure of Toluene, Xylene, and Formaldehyde in Mice
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DOI：
10.1002/tox.20547
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Nagai, Hiroichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito, Asaka;Tanaka, Hiroyuki;Nagai, Hiroichi
挥发性有机化合物（VOC）被认为是病态建筑综合症的主要原因，它们可能会刺激皮肤、眼睛和粘膜；然而，长期接触VOC引起的毒性阈值和皮肤反应机制尚未明确。在本研究中，我们研究了在小鼠皮肤上重复涂抹挥发性有机化合物的影响。每周使用一次不同浓度的甲苯、二甲苯和甲醛 (FA)，持续 5 周。 FA 溶液 (2-10%) 会引起明显的耳朵肿胀并引起明显的炎症细胞浸润，而高浓度的甲苯和二甲苯（50 或 100%）会引起轻微的耳朵肿胀和边缘炎症细胞侵袭。此外，FA暴露显着增加了耳中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、神经营养蛋白-3（NT-3）和瞬时受体电位香草酸-1（TRPV-1）mRNA以及颈部淋巴结中IL-4和NT-3 mRNA的表达。此外，TRPV-1 拮抗剂辣椒西平可显着抑制重复涂抹 5% FA 引起的耳朵肿胀。这些发现表明，FA 对皮肤的刺激性比甲苯或二甲苯更强，并表明 Th2 反应、神经营养素和 TRPV-1 在 FA 诱导的皮肤炎症中发挥重要作用。 (C) 2009 Wiley periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 26:224-232，2011。
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered the main cause of sick building syndrome and they are likely to irritate the skin, eyes, and mucous membrane; however, the toxic threshold and the mechanisms of cutaneous reaction induced by long-time VOC exposure have not been clarified. In the present study, we investigated the effect of repeated painting of VOCs onto mouse skin. Various concentrations of toluene, xylene, and formaldehyde (FA) were applied once a week for 5 weeks. While FA solution (2-10%) induced remarkable ear swelling and caused evident infiltration of inflammatory cells, high concentrations of toluene and xylene (50 or 100%) evoked mild ear swelling and marginal inflammatory cell invasion. In addition, FA exposure markedly increased the expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) mRNAs in the ears and IL-4 and NT-3 mRNAs in the cervical lymph nodes. Furthermore, capsazepine, a TRPV-1 antagonist, significantly suppressed ear swelling caused by repeated painting of 5% FA. These findings demonstrate that FA has more potent irritancy against skin than toluene or xylene and suggest that the Th2 response, neurotrophins and TRPV-1 play important roles in FA-induced skin inflammation. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 26:224-232, 2011.