Aerial dispersal of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae):: estimating falling speed and dispersal distance of adult females
Aerial dispersal of phytoseiid mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae):: estimating falling speed and dispersal distance of adult females
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DOI：
10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.11044.x
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Croft, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jung, CL;Croft, BA
空中传播对于植绥螨的迁移和重新分布很重要，通常可以对红蜘蛛害虫提供生物防治。螨虫和风的传播速度在很大程度上决定了这种被动吹动的生物体的传播距离。风吹植物绥虫的扩散模型可以提供对其扩散的深入了解。为此，我们测量了 13 种植绥螨和 1 种叶螨的成年雌性的体重和坠落速度。然后将这些数据纳入种子传播模型（Greene 和 Johnson、Okubo 和 Levin），并将结果与风洞、温室和田间的螨虫传播距离进行比较。植绥物种的重量范围为 5.25 至 21.7 杯，饥饿的螨虫比喂食的螨虫轻。 idiosomas 的几何直径 (d(g)) 与重量相关。植绥虫在静止空气中的下落速度为 0.39-0.73 m/s，低于二斑绦虫 (0.79 m/s)。在某些物种中，活跃的螨虫的坠落速度比不活跃（麻醉）的螨虫慢，表明行为可能会影响坠落。饥饿的螨虫的衰竭速度明显慢于进食的螨虫，并且分散得更远。对于某些物种，基于方程的下降速度估计值接近测量值（偏差 2-8%）。跌倒速度与体重和形态特征之间存在显着相关性。与 Okubo 和 Levin 的模型相比，Greene 和 Johnson 的种子传播模型更适合风洞、温室和实地研究中的螨虫传播。讨论了描述螨传播距离的模型的局限性以及 IPM 的应用。
Aerial dispersal is important to immigration and redistribution of phytoseiid mites that often can provide biological control of spider mite pests. Failing speed of a mite and wind largely deter-mine dispersal distance of such a passively blown organism. A diffusion model of wind-blown phytoseiids could provide insight into their dispersal. To this end, we measured body weights and falling speeds of adult females of 13 phytoseiid and one tetranychid mite species. These data were then incorporated into seed dispersal models (Greene and Johnson, Okubo and Levin) and results were compared to mite dispersal distances in wind tunnel, greenhouse and field.Weights of phytoseiid species ranged from 5.25 to 21.7 mug, starved mites weighed less than fed mites. Geometric diameters (d(g)) of idiosomas were correlated to weights. Falling speeds for phytoseiids were 0.39-0.73 m/s, and less than for T. urticae (0.79 mis) in still air. In some species, active mites had slower falling speeds than inactive (anesthetized) mites indicating that behavior may influence falling. Starved mites had significantly slower failing speeds than fed mites and dispersed farther. Equation-based estimates of falling speed were close to measured ones (2-8% deviation) for some species. There were significant relationships between falling speed and body weight and morphological traits. Greene and Johnson's seed dispersal model provided better fits to dispersal of mites in the wind tunnel, greenhouse and field studies than Okubo and Levin's model. Limits of models in describing mite dispersal distance and applications to IPM are discussed.