Study on Process of Desertification in Mu Us Sandy Land for Last 50 Years, China
Study on Process of Desertification in Mu Us Sandy Land for Last 50 Years, China
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
Wu Wei
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作者：
Wu Wei
毛乌素桑迪是我国北方荒漠化发展和逆转的主要地区之一。第四纪环境变化形成了荒漠化的自然因素。在历史进程中，由于土地利用方式（种草或种植）、人类经济活动和自然条件（降雨）的变化，不同时期的荒漠化处于发展或逆转的状态。近50年来，由于自然因素和人类经济活动的影响，荒漠化进程十分活跃。在野外调查的基础上，利用遥感数据和GIS技术，对毛乌素桑迪的沙化土地进行了监测。结果表明：20世纪50年代初期，新疆荒漠化土地面积约为12900 km 2，70年代中期约为41110 km 2，80年代后期约为32590 km 2，1993年约为30650 km 2。1950 - 1970年，沙漠化土地迅速蔓延。自1980年后期以来，荒漠化进程呈逆转态势，约有9460 km 2荒漠化土地被恢复为草地和农田。国家三北防护林建设以及当地政府和人民的诸多努力，为该地区的荒漠化防治做出了巨大贡献。它证明了沙漠化是人为造成的，只有人类才能控制它。
Mu Us Sandy Land is one major region of desertification development and reversion in Northern China. The natural factors for causing desertification had formed from the environmental variation during the Quaternary period. In the historical process, the desertification had been situated on the development or reversion in different period, resulted from change of land-use pattern (grassing or cropping) and human economic activities and natural conditions (rainfall). For last 50 years, the process of desertification had been much active due to the impact of natural factor and human economic activities. Based on the field in- vestigation and analysis of remote sensing data and GIS, we have monitored the desertified land in Mu Us Sandy Land. The results show that there were about 12 900 km2 desertified land in earlier 1950s, 41 110 km2 in middle of 1970s, 32 590 km2 in late 1980 s and 30 650 km2 in 1993. During 1950 to 1970, the desertified land had rapidly spread. Since late of 1980 the process of desertification has been in the reversion situation and there were about 9 460 km2 desertified land have been restored for rangeland and farmland. The National Three-North Shelter Forest Construction and many efforts from the local government and people have contributed enormously for combating desertification in the region. It proves that man made desertification and only man can control it.