Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience
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牛津研究神经科学百科全书
DOI：
10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086.013.401
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vinogradova V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vinogradova V
当大脑的感觉区域适应处理来自不同模态的感觉输入时，就会出现跨模态可塑性。这在先天性和早期耳聋和失明的病例中可以看到，在缺乏典型输入的情况下，听觉和视觉皮层对其他感觉信息作出反应。聋哑人和盲人的跨模态可塑性影响了许多认知过程，包括工作记忆、注意力、转换、数字认知和语言。认知领域的跨模态可塑性表明，大脑功能和认知是由结构连通性、计算能力和早期感觉经验之间的相互作用形成的。
Crossmodal plasticity occurs when sensory regions of the brain adapt to process sensory inputs from different modalities. This is seen in cases of congenital and early deafness and blindness, where, in the absence of their typical inputs, auditory and visual cortices respond to other sensory information. Crossmodal plasticity in deaf and blind individuals impacts several cognitive processes, including working memory, attention, switching, numerical cognition, and language. Crossmodal plasticity in cognitive domains demonstrates that brain function and cognition are shaped by the interplay between structural connectivity, computational capacities, and early sensory experience.