Monitoring changes in physical performance with heart rate measures in young soccer players
Monitoring changes in physical performance with heart rate measures in young soccer players
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DOI：
10.1007/s00421-011-2014-0
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Mendez-Villanueva, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buchheit, M.;Simpson, M. B.;Mendez-Villanueva, A.
本研究的目的是验证运动心率（HRex）、心率恢复（HRR）和运动后心率变异性（HRV）在亚极限跑步测试期间和之后预测训练有素的年轻足球运动员整个竞技赛季身体表现变化的有效性。我们对46名玩家（年龄15.1 +/- 1.5岁）进行了两次连续测试（间隔3-4个月），并分析了65个完整的数据集。体能测试包括以9公里/小时（-1）的速度跑5分钟，然后坐着恢复5分钟，测量HRex、HRR和HRV，在40米冲刺中进行反运动跳跃、加速度和最大冲刺速度，进行10米分段冲刺，重复冲刺表现和增加跑步测试，以估计最大心肺功能（终点测试速度VVam-Eval）。在连续的两次测试中，对表现出HR测量有实质性变化的运动员的身体表现可能发生的变化进行了检查（HRex、HRR和HRV分别大于3%、13%和10%）。HRex的降低或HRV的升高与VVam-Eval的可能改善相关；相反的变化导致VVam-Eval的变化不明确。HRR的个体变化与冲刺[r = 0.39, 90% CL(0.07; 0.64)]和重复冲刺表现[r = -0.38(-0.05;-0.64)]之间也存在中度相关。综上所述，虽然监测HRex和HRV对跟踪VVam-Eval的改善是有效的，但HRR的变化与（重复）冲刺表现的变化有中度相关性。目前的数据也质疑使用HRex和HRV作为青少年足球运动员身体表现下降的系统标记。
The aim of the present study was to verify the validity of using exercise heart rate (HRex), HR recovery (HRR) and post-exercise HR variability (HRV) during and after a submaximal running test to predict changes in physical performance over an entire competitive season in highly trained young soccer players. Sixty-five complete data sets were analyzed comparing two consecutive testing sessions (3-4 months apart) collected on 46 players (age 15.1 +/- 1.5 years). Physical performance tests included a 5-min run at 9 km h(-1) followed by a seated 5-min recovery period to measure HRex, HRR and HRV, a counter movement jump, acceleration and maximal sprinting speed obtained during a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits, repeated-sprint performance and an incremental running test to estimate maximal cardiorespiratory function (end test velocity VVam-Eval). Possible changes in physical performance were examined for the players presenting a substantial change in HR measures over two consecutive testing sessions (greater than 3, 13 and 10% for HRex, HRR and HRV, respectively). A decrease in HRex or increase in HRV was associated with likely improvements in VVam-Eval; opposite changes led to unclear changes in VVam-Eval. Moderate relationships were also found between individual changes in HRR and sprint [r = 0.39, 90% CL (0.07; 0.64)] and repeated-sprint performance [r = -0.38 (-0.05;-0.64)]. To conclude, while monitoring HRex and HRV was effective in tracking improvements in VVam-Eval, changes in HRR were moderately associated with changes in (repeated-) sprint performance. The present data also question the use of HRex and HRV as systematic markers of physical performance decrements in youth soccer players.