Pulmonary health effects of air pollution.
Pulmonary health effects of air pollution.
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DOI：
10.1097/mcp.0000000000000248
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Pinkerton KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kurt OK;Zhang J;Pinkerton KE
空气污染仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着全世界城市地区十分之九的居民。暴露于空气污染是导致心肺死亡的第九大危险因素。本综述的目的是检查当前文献中特定空气污染物对健康的影响及其对哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、肺癌和呼吸道感染的影响的最新进展。总共审查了53份出版物，以建立关于空气污染如何与肺部发病率和死亡率相关的新见解。过去的大量证据表明，空气污染是加剧肺部疾病的一个重要因素，同时也对全世界儿童、老年人和社会经济地位较低的人等易感人群造成更大伤害。哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺病、肺癌和呼吸道感染似乎都因暴露于各种环境空气污染物而加剧，其中颗粒物（PM）、臭氧和氮氧化物的影响最大。新发表的文章重申了这些发现。继续保持警惕对于减少空气污染对人体健康和肺部疾病的影响至关重要。政府、工业、能源企业和公众需要在多国层面进行合作，共同解决地方、国家和全球层面的空气质量问题。
Air pollution continues to be a major public health concern affecting nine out of ten individuals living in urban areas worldwide. Exposure to air pollution is the ninth leading risk factor for cardiopulmonary mortality. The aim of this review is to examine the current literature for the most recent updates on health effects of specific air pollutants and their impact on asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer and respiratory infection. A total of 53 publications were reviewed to establish new insights as to how air pollution is associated with pulmonary morbidity and mortality. Considerable past evidence suggests that air pollution is an important factor that enhances pulmonary disease, while also causing greater harm in susceptible populations, such as children, the elderly and those of low socio-economic status worldwide. Asthma, COPD, lung cancer and respiratory infections all seem to be exacerbated due to exposure to a variety of environmental air pollutants with the greatest effects due to particulate matter (PM), ozone and nitrogen oxides. New publications reviewed reaffirm these findings. Continued vigilence will be essential to lessen the effects of air pollution on human health and pulmonary disease. Cooperation at a multi-national level will be required on the part of governments, industry, energy-based enterprises and the public working together to solve our air quality issues at the local, national and global level.