Tsunami earthquakes as transient phenomena
Tsunami earthquakes as transient phenomena
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DOI：
10.1029/2002gl014868
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发表时间：
2002-05-15
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Seno, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Seno, T
[1]最近对海啸地震引起的海啸波形的模拟表明，断层滑动发生在沿着靠近海沟轴线的俯冲边界。另一方面，众所周知，地震活动通常在约100年内很低。50公里的海沟轴，这已被归因于俯冲松散沉积物的稳定摩擦滑动性能。这使得海沟附近的海啸滑动难以解释。为了解决这一难题，我建议，从稳定的滑动过渡到几乎为零的摩擦，与速度减弱的属性，发生的区域增加的结果，区域的流体压力升高，这可能会使相当快速的地震滑动可能以下的破裂凹凸在正常的孕震深度。这种转变可以被识别为具有负极性的地震反射，这可能有助于对即将发生的大海啸地震的危险性进行评估。
[1] Recent modeling of tsunami waveforms caused by tsunami earthquakes indicates that fault slip occurred along the subduction boundary close to the trench axis. On the other hand, it is well known that seismicity is generally very low within ca. 50 km from the trench axis, and this has been attributed to the stable frictional sliding properties of the subducted unconsolidated sediments. This makes tsunamigenic slip near the trench difficult to explain. In order to solve this dilemma, I propose that transition from stable sliding to nearly zero friction, with a velocity-weakening property, occurs as a result of areal increase of zones of elevated fluid pressure, which may make fairly rapid seismic slip possible following the breakage of asperities at normal seismogenic depths. This transition can be identified as seismic reflections with negative polarities, which may help to rate hazards for a coming large tsunami earthquake.