Mutation-order divergence by sexual selection: diversification of sexual signals in similar environments as a first step in speciation
Mutation-order divergence by sexual selection: diversification of sexual signals in similar environments as a first step in speciation
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DOI：
10.1111/ele.12313
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Flaxman, Samuel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mendelson, Tamra C.;Martin, Michael D.;Flaxman, Samuel M.
物种的起源仍然是一个中心问题，最近的研究集中在生态差异在促进物种形成中的作用。生态差异为不同的选择（即生态物种形成）创造了机会，这是一个几乎不需要证明的达尔文假说。与此相反，突变有序的物种形成提出，而不是适应不同的环境，种群找到不同的方式来适应类似的环境，这意味着物种形成不需要生态差异。这种区别是至关重要的，因为它提供了一个替代假设的流行观点，生态差异驱动物种形成。物种形成的性选择在于在促进物种形成的生态差异的重要性的辩论的中心，在这里，我们提出了口头和数学模型的突变顺序分歧性选择。我们开发了三个一般情况下，并提供了一个两个位点的群体遗传模型。结果表明，替代第二性征可以固定在最初经历类似的自然选择和性选择的人群中，不同的特征和偏好可以在低基因流的情况下保持稳定。这种稳定的分化可以促进随后的分化，完成或加强物种形成。我们认为，突变顺序的过程可以解释广泛的多样性，在密切相关的，异地物种的第二性征。
The origin of species remains a central question, and recent research focuses on the role of ecological differences in promoting speciation. Ecological differences create opportunities for divergent selection (i.e. ecological' speciation), a Darwinian hypothesis that hardly requires justification. In contrast, mutation-order' speciation proposes that, instead of adapting to different environments, populations find different ways to adapt to similar environments, implying that speciation does not require ecological differences. This distinction is critical as it provides an alternative hypothesis to the prevailing view that ecological differences drive speciation. Speciation by sexual selection lies at the centre of debates about the importance of ecological differences in promoting speciation; here, we present verbal and mathematical models of mutation-order divergence by sexual selection. We develop three general cases and provide a two-locus population genetic model for each. Results indicate that alternative secondary sexual traits can fix in populations that initially experience similar natural and sexual selection and that divergent traits and preferences can remain stable in the face of low gene flow. This stable divergence can facilitate subsequent divergence that completes or reinforces speciation. We argue that a mutation-order process could explain widespread diversity in secondary sexual traits among closely related, allopatric species.