NATIVE MARINE BACTERIOPHAGES
NATIVE MARINE BACTERIOPHAGES
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DOI：
10.1016/0378-1097(93)90197-a
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发表时间：
1993-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
BORSHEIM, KY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BORSHEIM, KY
海洋噬菌体的分离和培养表明，它们在海水中无处不在，直接计数表明，病毒的总数经常超过细菌浓度的10倍。在本报告中审查的文献中，对来自海洋环境的约150种不同分离株进行了鉴定。在噬菌体头上的节状突起似乎是一种形态学特性，在海洋鱼类中比在其他来源的鱼类中更常见。培养的病毒通常比海水样品的直接透射电子显微镜观察到的大多数病毒大得多，这表明培养方法不能提供无偏见的环境病毒样品。培养的海洋病毒通常比研究得更深入的其他来源的病毒对有机溶剂更敏感。最近的原位研究的爆裂尺寸比培养研究的平均值低50%。海洋环境中的噬菌体的半衰期可能不到一天，因此周转率很高。宿主范围各不相同，跨物种宿主范围尚未得到证实。需要更多的信息和方法的进一步发展，无论是从文化和原位研究。
Isolation and cultivation of marine bacteriophages have shown that they are ubiquitous in seawater, and direct counting has shown that the total numbers of viruses frequently exceed the bacterial concentration by a factor of 10. About 150 different isolates of phages from marine environments have been characterized in the literature reviewed in the present report. Knoblike projections on phage heads seem to be a morphological property more common in marine phages than among phages from other sources. The cultured phages were generally much larger than the majority of viruses observed by direct transmission electron microscopy of seawater samples, indicating that culturing methods are not providing unbiased samples of environmental viruses. Cultured marine viruses frequently are more sensitive to organic solvents than the more intensively studied phages from other sources. Burst sizes from recent in situ studies are 50% lower than the average from culture studies. Phages in the marine environment may have half lives lasting less than a day, with consequent high turnover. Host ranges varies, and cross species host ranges have not been demonstrated. More information and further development of methods are needed, both from culture and from in situ studies.