Runaway electrons in toroidal discharges
Runaway electrons in toroidal discharges
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DOI：
10.1088/0029-5515/19/6/008
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发表时间：
1979-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
H. Knoepfel;D. Spong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Knoepfel;D. Spong
本文综述了环形装置中逃逸电子的实验和理论研究，特别是托卡马克装置。失控效应的复杂现象学是过去二十年来研究的主题，它是在许多物理模型的框架内组织起来的。首先讨论失控生产的机制和速率，然后是失控驱动的动力学弛豫过程和失控轨道约束的部分。其次，失控为主的放电的平衡和稳定性进行了审查。失控生产模型在早期的放电和缩放的失控现象，以更大的设备进行了讨论。最后，检测技术和可能的应用程序的离家出走。
Experimental and theoretical studies of runaway electrons in toroidal devices are reviewed here, with particular reference to tokamaks. The complex phenomenology of runaway effects, which have been the subject of research for the past twenty years, is organized within the framework of a number of physical models. The mechanisms and rates for runaway production are discussed first, followed by sections on runaway-driven kinetic relaxation processes and runaway orbit confinement. Next, the equilibrium and stability of runaway-dominated discharges are reviewed. Models for runaway production at early times in the discharge and the scaling of runaway phenomena to larger devices are also discussed. Finally, detection techniques and possible applications of runaways are mentioned.