Aufklärung als Praxis. Naturgeschichte im 18. Jahrhundert
Aufklärung als Praxis. Naturgeschichte im 18. Jahrhundert
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Aufklärung als Praxis. 18. Jahrhundert
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发表时间：
2009
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通讯作者：
B. Dietz
中科院分区：
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作者：
B. Dietz
本文旨在扩大启蒙运动的主导形象，将其作为一个关注“启蒙思想”的时代，补充以思想、作者和文本（更少的是书籍）三位一体为中心的思想史，并从代理的角度出发。在自然史的基础上，启蒙运动被认为是一种习得的实践，它允许甚至要求更多的人参与，这比迄今为止所假设的要多得多。首先，本文将分析一个旨在对植物、动物和矿物进行全球登记、描述和分类的科学项目是如何涉及到无数的参与者来收集、命名和描述主要是当地的自然物体的。研究自然历史和写自然历史是不一样的。这种根植于自然对象的“草根学问”是将自然史转变为一场自认为是启蒙运动的关键因素。第二，自然语言的交际维度。
Summary This essay aims at widening the predominant image of the Enlightenment as an era focussed on ‚Enlightenment thinking‘, supplementing an intellectual history centred on the triad of ideas, authors and texts (more rarely books) with a perspective on agency. On the basis of natural history, Enlightenment is addressed as a repertoire of learned practices, which permitted and even called for the participation of a significantly larger group of people than has been assumed so far. First, it will be analyzed how a scientific project which aimed at a worldwide registration, description and classification of flora, fauna and minerals, involved innumerable actors in collecting, naming and describing mainly local natural objects. Doing natural history was not the same as writing natural history. This „grassroots learnedness“ rooted in the very objects of nature was a crucial factor in turning natural history into a movement which saw itself as Enlightened. Secondly, the communicative dimension of natural his...