Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan
Who suffers from the COVID-19 shocks? Labor market heterogeneity and welfare consequences in Japan
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jjie.2020.101117
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发表时间：
2021-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mikoshiba, Minamo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kikuchi, Shinnosuke;Kitao, Sagiri;Mikoshiba, Minamo
不同年龄段、不同性别、不同就业类型、不同教育程度、不同职业和不同行业的劳动者，新冠肺炎冲击对日本劳动力市场的影响各不相同。我们记录了应对新冠肺炎冲击在就业和收入方面的异质性变化，这些变化是在日本大流行爆发后最初几个月的各种数据来源中观察到的。然后，我们将这些冲击输入由不同主体组成的生命周期模型，以量化新冠肺炎冲击的福利后果。在这种异质性的各个方面，对于那些在危机前收入较低的人来说，冲击都被放大了。临时工比正规工人受到的打击更大，年轻工人比年长工人受到的打击更大，女性比男性受到的打击更大，从事社会性和非弹性工作的工人比从事普通和灵活工作的工人受到的打击更大。受新冠肺炎冲击影响最严重的是一群女性，他们是临时性的、低技能的劳动者，从事社会性和非弹性的工作，没有不同群体的配偶。
Effects of the COVID-19 shocks in the Japanese labor market vary across workers of different age groups, genders, employment types, education levels, occupations, and industries. We document heterogeneous changes in employment and earnings in response to the COVID-19 shocks, observed in various data sources during the initial months after the onset of the pandemic in Japan. We then feed these shocks into a life-cycle model of heterogeneous agents to quantify welfare consequences of the COVID-19 shocks. In each dimension of the heterogeneity, the shocks are amplified for those who earned less prior to the crisis. Contingent workers are hit harder than regular workers, younger workers than older workers, females than males, and workers engaged in social and non-flexible jobs than those in ordinary and flexible jobs. The most severely hurt by the COVID-19 shocks has been a group of female, contingent, low-skilled workers, engaged in social and non-flexible jobs and without a spouse of a different group.