Instruction-Based Task-Rule Congruency Effects
Instruction-Based Task-Rule Congruency Effects
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DOI：
10.1037/a0028148
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
De Houwer, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liefooghe, Baptist;Wenke, Dorit;De Houwer, Jan
在本研究中，我们调查的功能特性的任务集，从来没有应用过，只形成的基础上的指令。我们测试了这样的任务集是否可以引起任务规则一致性效应，这意味着在另一个任务的背景下自动激活的反应。为此，开发了一种新的程序，揭示了基于推理的任务规则一致性效应在2个实验。虽然效果似乎相当普遍（实验1），它仍然需要一个任务集的形成，因为它不能被诱导的陈述性工作记忆（实验2）中的指令仅仅维持。我们的结论是，一个任务集只代表一个即将到来的任务的关键功能，可以形成的基础上的指令单独到这样的程度，它可以自动触发在另一个任务的反应趋势。我们的研究结果的影响，一般的指示性能和任务规则一致性效应的发生，特别是进行了讨论。
In the present study, we investigated the functional characteristics of task sets that were never applied before and were formed only on the basis of instructions. We tested if such task sets could elicit a task-rule congruency effect, which implies the automatic activation of responses in the context of another task. To this end, a novel procedure was developed that revealed instruction-based task-rule congruency effects in 2 experiments. Although the effect seems quite general (Experiment 1), it still necessitates the formation of a task set, as it cannot be induced by the mere maintenance of instructions in declarative working memory (Experiment 2). We conclude that a task set representing only key features of an upcoming task can be formed on the basis of instructions alone to such a degree that it can automatically trigger a response tendency in another task. Implications of our results for the impact of instructions on performance in general and for the occurrence of task-rule congruency effects in particular are discussed.