Global effects of eature-based attention to direction of motion and color
Global effects of eature-based attention to direction of motion and color
复制标题
基于食物的注意力对运动和颜色方向的全局影响
DOI：
10.1167/2.7.588
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
G. Boynton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Saenz;G. Buracas;G. Boynton
我们使用分离注意心理物理任务来验证对刺激特征的视觉注意促进了对具有相同特征的其他刺激的处理的假设。人类观察者观看两个单独的刺激，分别呈现在中心注视点的左侧和右侧。刺激是由透明重叠的向上和向下的有限寿命移动点组成的圆形斑块。被试通过同时独立地在两侧的一个点场上执行2IFC速度判别任务来完成双任务。因此，在不改变刺激呈现的情况下，受试者可以将注意力分散到两个方向相同的点场（向上或向下）或不同方向（向上和向下）。基线速度是随机的，所以受试者不能从比较两边的速度中获益。与不同方向的点相比，被试在相同方向的点之间分配注意力时表现更好（3名被试的平均表现：78.7%比70.8%正确；p< 0.01）。在第二个类似的实验中，我们证明了这种注意力效应也延伸到了颜色的特征上。每个刺激都由透明重叠的固定有限寿命红点和绿点组成。受试者同时对每一侧的一个点场进行颜色辨别任务。受试者在两组相同颜色的点（红色或绿色）之间分配注意力比在不同颜色的点（一个红色和一个绿色）之间分配注意力表现得更好（3名受试者的平均表现：77.2%比66.4%正确；p< 0.01）。总之，这些结果表明，观察者能够更好地将注意力分散到具有共同特征的多个刺激上，而不是相反的特征。这些发现与注意机制一致，即对刺激特征的全局注意增强了整个视野中共享该特征的刺激的神经元反应。
We used a divided attention psychophysical task to test the hypothesis that visual attention to a stimulus feature facilitates the processing of other stimuli sharing the same feature. Human observers viewed two separate stimuli presented to the left and right of a central fixation point. Stimuli were circular patches of transparently overlapping fields of upward and downward limited-lifetime moving dots. Subjects performed a dual-task by simultaneously and independently performing a 2IFC speed discrimination task on one field of dots from each side. Thus, without changing the stimulus presentation, subjects could either divide attention across two fields of dots moving in the same direction (both up or both down) or in different directions (one up and one down). Baseline speeds were randomized so subjects could not benefit from comparing speeds across sides. Subjects performed better when dividing attention between fields of dots moving in the same compared to different directions (mean performance across 3 subjects: 78.7% vs. 70.8% correct; p< 0.01). In a second analogous experiment, we showed that this attentional effect extends to the feature of color as well. Each stimulus was composed of transparently overlapping fields of stationary limited-lifetime red and green dots. Subjects simultaneously performed a color discrimination task on one field of dots from each side. Subjects performed better when dividing attention between two fields of dots of the same color (both red or both green) than of different colors (one red and one green)(mean performance across 3 subjects: 77.2% vs. 66.4% correct; p< 0.01). Together, these results indicate that observers are better able to divide attention across multiple stimuli with common features compared to opposing features. These findings are consistent with an attentional mechanism in which attention to a stimulus feature globally enhances neuronal responses to stimuli throughout the visual field that share that feature.