Alien flora of India: taxonomic composition, invasion status and biogeographic affiliations
Alien flora of India: taxonomic composition, invasion status and biogeographic affiliations
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-011-9981-2
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Dar, G. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khuroo, Anzar A.;Reshi, Zafar A.;Dar, G. H.
发展中国家在入侵生物学研究方面存在的巨大知识差距是对生物入侵问题的科学管理和全球政策制定的严重障碍。为了填补这些知识空白，我们在此提供了一份印度外来植物区系的清单，基于对过去120年(公元1890-2010年)发表的研究报告(约190篇)的系统回顾和严格分析，并更新了过去20年的实地记录。目前，印度维管束植物名录共有161科842属1599种，占印度维管束植物区系总数的8.5%。种类最丰富的3个科是菊科(134种)、凤蝶科(114种)。和禾本科(106种)，其中最大的3个属是桉树属(25种)、通菜属(22种)和番泻属(21种)。这些物种中的大多数(812种)没有逃离栽培的报告。在剩下的787种的亚集中，它们要么逃脱了有意的耕种，要么在无意中传播了，其中临时的有57种，随意/归化的有114种，归化的有257种，归化/入侵的有134种，入侵的有225种。在生物地理上，印度超过三分之一(35%)的外来植物区系的原生范围在南美洲，其次是亚洲(21%)、非洲(20%)、欧洲(11%)、澳大利亚(8%)、北美(4%)和隐源(1%)。这份清单预计将成为印度植物入侵的科学基线，并对全球生物多样性的保护产生影响。
The wide knowledge gaps in invasion biology research that exist in the developing world are crucial impediments to the scientific management and global policymaking on biological invasions. In an effort to fill such knowledge gaps, we present here an inventory of the alien flora of India, based on systematic reviews and rigorous analyses of research studies (ca. 190) published over the last 120 years (1890-2010 AD), and updated with field records of the last two decades. Currently, the inventory comprises of 1,599 species, belonging to 842 genera in 161 families, and constitutes 8.5% of the total Indian vascular flora. The three most species-rich families are Asteraceae (134 spp.), Papilionaceae (114 spp.) and Poaceae (106 spp.), and the three largest genera are Eucalyptus (25 spp.), Ipomoea (22 spp.), and Senna (21 spp.). The majority of these species (812) have no report of escaping from cultivation. Of the remaining subset of 787 species, which have either escaped from intentional cultivation, or spread after unintentional introduction, casuals are represented by 57 spp., casual/naturalised by 114 spp., naturalised by 257 spp., naturalised/invasive by 134 spp., and invasive by 225 spp. Biogeographically, more than one-third (35%) of the alien flora in India has its native ranges in South America, followed by Asia (21%), Africa (20%), Europe (11%), Australia (8%), North America (4%); and cryptogenic (1%). The inventory is expected to serve as the scientific baseline on plant invasions in India, with implications for conservation of global biodiversity.