Is there a generalized timing impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorders across time scales and paradigms?
Is there a generalized timing impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorders across time scales and paradigms?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.01.017
复制
发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Noreika, Valdas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Isaksson, Sofia;Salomaki, Susanna;Noreika, Valdas
自闭症患者有异常的运动和知觉功能，目前还不能形成自闭症的诊断标准，但可能会影响日常行为。时间处理似乎是这种非诊断性但受损的领域之一，尽管缺乏系统研究在同一样本中测试计时的不同方面，阻碍了对ASD中是否存在与诊断症状相关的广泛性时间缺陷的结论性评估。17名被诊断患有自闭症的儿童和18名年龄和智商相匹配的对照组儿童进行了一系列运动和知觉计时任务：自由敲击、同时判断、听觉时长辨别和言语时长估计。参与者的父母填写了一份问卷，评估他们对时间的感觉和管理。ASD儿童表现出比对照组更快和更多的变量自由敲击。在亚秒版本的任务中，ASD组的听觉持续时间辨别阈值高于对照组，而在秒以上的间隔辨别方面没有组别差异。自闭症儿童在同时判断上表现出更多的可变阈值，他们在时间意识和时间管理方面的父母得分较低。在分钟范围内的言语时长估计任务中，没有观察到组间差异。不同的计时功能在ASD组中相关，但在对照组中不相关，而几个计时测量与ASD症状相关。我们的结论是，ASD儿童在时间加工任务中表现出广泛的异常，包括运动计时、知觉计时和时间视角。
Individuals with ASD have abnormal motor and perceptual functions that do not currently form diagnostic criteria of ASD, but nevertheless may affect everyday behaviour. Temporal processing seems to be one of such non-diagnostic yet impaired domains, although the lack of systematic studies testing different aspects of timing in the same sample of participants prevents a conclusive assessment of whether there is a generalized temporal deficit in ASD associated with diagnostic symptoms. 17 children diagnosed with ASD and 18 typically developing age- and IQ-matched controls carried out a set of motor and perceptual timing tasks: free tapping, simultaneity judgment, auditory duration discrimination, and verbal duration estimation. Parents of participants filled in a questionnaire assessing the sense and management of time. Children with ASD showed faster and more variable free tapping than controls. Auditory duration discrimination thresholds were higher in the ASD group than controls in a sub-second version of the task, while there were no group differences in a supra-second discrimination of intervals. Children with ASD showed more variable thresholds of simultaneity judgment, and they received lower parental scores for their sense and management of time. No group differences were observed in the verbal duration estimation task in the minute-range. Different timing functions were correlated in the ASD group but not among controls, whilst several timing measures correlated with ASD symptoms. We conclude that children with ASD show a broad range of abnormalities in temporal processing tasks including motor timing, perceptual timing, and temporal perspective.