RECIPIENTS MOOD, RELATIONSHIP TYPE, AND HELPING
RECIPIENTS MOOD, RELATIONSHIP TYPE, AND HELPING
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.94
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发表时间：
1987-07-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
MILBERG, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CLARK, MS;POWELL, MC;MILBERG, S
我们进行了两项研究，以检查如何一个潜在的帮助者受到影响，有一个共同的取向，对一个关系与潜在的受援国和潜在的受援国的悲伤。我们假设：（a）具有公共取向会增加帮助，（B）具有高公共取向的人，而不是其他人，会通过增加帮助来回应潜在接受者的悲伤。这些假设在两项研究中得到了验证。在研究1中，使用本文首次报道的新的社区取向量表测量了社区取向对关系的个体差异。在研究2中，使用操纵来引导受试者渴望与另一个人建立公共关系或交换关系。在这两项研究中，受试者都接触到一个悲伤的人或一个情绪中立的人，他们有机会帮助他们。正如假设的那样，在这两项研究中，共同取向的受试者比其他受试者更能帮助对方。也假设，在这两项研究中，共同面向的主题，而不是其他人，增加帮助响应其他人的悲伤，虽然这种效果达到统计学意义，只有在第二项研究。
We conducted two studies to examine how a potential helper is affected by having a communal orientation toward a relationship with a potential recipient and by the potential recipient's sadness. We hypothesized that (a) having a communal orientation would increase helping and that (b) people high in communal orientation, but not others, would respond to a potential recipient's sadness by increasing helping. These hypotheses were tested in two studies. In Study 1, individual differences in communal orientation toward relationships were measured by using a new communal orientation scale reported for the first time in this article. In Study 2, manipulations were used to lead subjects to desire either a communal or an exchange relationship with another person. In both studies, subjects were exposed to a sad person or to a person in a neutral mood whom they were given a chance to help. As hypothesized, in both studies communally oriented subjects helped the other significantly more than did others. Also as hypothesized, in both studies communally oriented subjects but not others, increased helping in response to the other person's sadness although this effect reached statistical significance only in the second study.