Illicit drugs or medicines taken by parachuting
Illicit drugs or medicines taken by parachuting
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DOI：
10.1111/fcp.12172
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Haramburu, Francoise
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daveluy, Amelie;Geniaux, Helene;Haramburu, Francoise
跳伞（也称为轰炸）是一种药物输送方法，在包裹物质后摄入非法药物或药物。文献中描述跳伞的数据很少。为了描述这种做法，截至2014年12月31日，向国家成瘾警戒网络报告的所有跳伞案件都是从自发报告和具体监测方案中确定的。根据使用的物质类型、患者年龄和性别、并发症类型、使用背景和事件年份描述病例。确定了45例使用降落伞的病例，大多数（n = 43）发生在2011年之后。患者大多为男性（60%），平均年龄为28.9岁。在19个案例中，已知的使用背景主要是娱乐。24例出现并发症，其中8例严重。在大多数情况下（64.4%），该物质被认为是3，4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）;近年来更多地涉及研究化学品。物理形态以颗粒状为主（51.6%）。包装材料是卷烟纸（9箱），1箱是塑料包装;在其他案件中，使用了降落伞一词，但没有进一步的细节。在大多数情况下，没有解释使用原因;两名患者表示使用降落伞比美沙酮胶囊更快。临床医生应该意识到这种输送形式，因为结果表明它很常见，并且可能涉及药物的很大变化。
Parachuting (also called bombing) is a method of drug delivery where illicit drugs or medicines are ingested after wrapping the substance. There are little data describing parachuting in the literature. To provide a description of this practice, all cases of parachuting reported to the national addictovigilance network up to 31 December 2014 were identified from spontaneous reports and specific surveillance programs. Cases were described according to the type of substance used, patient age and gender, type of complications, context of use and year of the event. Forty-five cases of parachute use were identified and most (n = 43) occurred after 2011. Patients were mostly men (60%), and mean age was 28.9 years. The context of use, known in 19 cases, was mostly recreational. Complications were present in 24 cases, of which eight were serious. The substance was supposed to be 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in the majority of cases (64.4%); research chemicals were more involved in the most recent years. The physical form was mainly granular (51.6%). The wrappers were a cigarette paper (nine cases) and in one case plastic package; in the other cases, the term of parachute was used without further details. The reason for use was not explained in the majority of cases; two patients indicated using a parachute for faster effect than with a methadone capsule. Clinicians should be aware of this delivery form as the results suggest that it is common and can involve a great variability of drugs.