Rapid Visuomotor Responses Reflect Value-Based Decisions
Rapid Visuomotor Responses Reflect Value-Based Decisions
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1934-18.2019
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发表时间：
2019-05-15
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wolpert, Daniel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carroll, Timothy J.;McNamee, Daniel;Wolpert, Daniel M.
众所周知，认知决策对潜在选择的价值很敏感，即与不同选择相关的奖励的概率和大小。在这里，我们研究了对运动视觉反馈扰动的快速运动反应（介导低水平和非自愿反馈控制回路）是否反映了与高水平基于价值的决策相关的计算。在三个涉及人类参与者的实验中，我们通过控制目标之间的奖励分布（实验1）、每个目标可以指定的概率（实验2）或两者兼而有之（实验3）来改变与不同潜在目标相关的值。我们发现对运动扰动的快速和非自愿反馈反应的大小受到目标间相对值的强烈影响。一个包含风险敏感性术语的相对价值统计模型最适合视觉运动反应数据，说明反馈控制策略偏向于更频繁的任务成功，而牺牲了通过运动积累的整体外部奖励。然而，重要的是，快速反馈反应的调节与成功追求高价值任务结果有关。这意味着当我们运动时，大脑指定了一套反馈控制增益，使低水平运动区域不仅能够产生有效和准确的运动，而且能够以与基于价值的决策一致的方式快速和自适应地响应不断变化的感觉信息。
Cognitive decision-making is known to be sensitive to the values of potential options, which are the probability and size of rewards associated with different choices. Here, we examine whether rapid motor responses to perturbations of visual feedback about movement, which mediate low-level and involuntary feedback control loops, reflect computations associated with high-level value-based decision-making. In three experiments involving human participants, we varied the value associated with different potential targets for reaching movements by controlling the distributions of rewards across the targets (Experiment 1), the probability with which each target could be specified (Experiment 2), or both (Experiment 3). We found that the size of rapid and involuntary feedback responses to movement perturbations was strongly influenced by the relative value between targets. A statistical model of relative value that includes a term for risk sensitivity provided the best fit to the visuomotor response data, illustrating that feedback control policies are biased to favor more frequent task success at the expense of the overall extrinsic reward accumulated through movement. Importantly however, the regulation of rapid feedback responses was associated with successful pursuit of high-value task outcomes. This implies that when we move, the brain specifies a set of feedback control gains that enable low-level motor areas not only to generate efficient and accurate movement, but also to rapidly and adaptively respond to evolving sensory information in a manner consistent with value-based decision-making.