Phytoestrogens: epidemiology and a possible role in cancer protection.
Phytoestrogens: epidemiology and a possible role in cancer protection.
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植物雌激素：流行病学和在癌症保护中的可能作用。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.95103s7103
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发表时间：
1995-10
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
由于西半球的许多疾病都是依赖于饮食的癌症，我们假设，与素食或半素食饮食相比，西方饮食可能会通过某些生化机制改变激素的产生、代谢或细胞水平的作用。最近，我们的兴趣主要集中在一些膳食来源的类双酚植物雌激素，木脂素和黄酮类化合物的癌症保护作用。生物活性化合物的前体来源于大豆产品（主要是大豆），全谷物食品，种子，可能还有浆果和坚果（主要是木脂素）。植物木脂素和甘草苷被肠道细菌转化为具有弱雌激素活性但也具有抗氧化活性的类甘草化合物;现在已经显示它们不仅影响性激素代谢和生物活性，而且影响细胞内酶、蛋白质合成、生长因子作用、恶性细胞增殖，分化，和血管生成，使它们成为天然癌症保护化合物的有力候选者。流行病学调查有力地支持了这一假设，因为在癌症发病率低的国家或地区，饮食中这些化合物的含量最高。本文综述了近年来发现的具有天然抗癌活性的双酚类生物碱和木脂素类化合物。
Because many diseases of the Western Hemisphere are hormone-dependent cancers, we have postulated that the Western diet, compared to a vegetarian or semivegetarian diet, may alter hormone production, metabolism, or action at the cellular level by some biochemical mechanisms. Recently, our interest has been mainly focused on the cancer-protective role of some hormonelike diphenolic phytoestrogens of dietary origin, the lignans and the isoflavonoids. The precursors of the biologically active compounds originate in soybean products (mainly isoflavonoids), whole grain cereal food, seeds, and probably berries and nuts (mainly lignans). The plant lignan and isoflavonoid glycosides are converted by intestinal bacteria to hormonelike compounds with weak estrogenic but also antioxidative activity; they have now been shown to influence not only sex hormone metabolism and biological activity but also intracellular enzymes, protein synthesis, growth factor action, malignant cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis in a way that makes them strong candidates for a role as natural cancer-protective compounds. Epidemiologic investigations strongly support this hypothesis because the highest levels of these compounds in the diet are found in countries or regions with low cancer incidence. This report is a review on recent results suggesting that the diphenolic isoflavonoids and lignans are natural cancer-protective compounds.