Comparative numerical modeling of inhaled micron-sized particle deposition in human and rat nasal cavities
Comparative numerical modeling of inhaled micron-sized particle deposition in human and rat nasal cavities
复制标题
人类和大鼠鼻腔吸入微米级颗粒沉积的比较数值模型
DOI：
10.3109/08958378.2015.1088600
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-10
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Tu, Jiyuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shang, Yidan;Dong, Jingliang;Tu, Jiyuan
数值研究了微米级颗粒在大鼠和人鼻腔解剖模型中的沉积。采用稳定的层流吸入流速，将颗粒从外部空气中释放出来。具有相当总颗粒沉积分数的颗粒可分为低惯性颗粒、中等惯性颗粒和高惯性颗粒。人体模型的典型颗粒尺寸分别为2.5、9和20m，大鼠模型的典型颗粒尺寸分别为1、2和3m。使用表面映射技术，将3D鼻腔表面展开为2D区域，并绘制粒子沉积位置，以实现区域表面的完全视觉覆盖。总表面积比较显示，人鼻模型的表面积约为大鼠模型的十倍。相比之下，区域表面积百分比分析显示，大鼠模型的嗅觉区明显大于所有其他区域，约占总表面积的55.6%，而人类鼻部模型的嗅觉区仅占10.5%。流型比较表明，在人类和大鼠模型中，鼻咽区和鼻孔区分别存在快速气流加速。对于人体模型，主要通道是微粒的主要沉积区。而对于大鼠模型，它是前庭。通过比较人和大鼠模型的区域沉积通量，本研究有助于更好地外推不同受试者之间的吸入暴露数据。
Micron-sized particle deposition in anatomically realistic models of a rat and human nasal cavity was numerically investigated. A steady laminar inhalation flow rate was applied and particles were released from the outside air. Particles showing equivalent total particle deposition fractions were classified into low, medium and high inertial particle. Typical particle sizes are 2.5, 9 and 20 m for the human model and 1, 2 and 3 m for the rat model, respectively. Using a surface-mapping technique the 3D nasal cavity surface was unwrapped into a 2D domain and the particle deposition locations were plotted for complete visual coverage of the domain surface. The total surface area comparison showed that the surface area of the human nasal model was about ten times the size of the rat model. In contrast, the regional surface area percentage analysis revealed the olfactory region of the rat model was significantly larger than all other regions making up approximate to 55.6% of the total surface area, while that of the human nasal model only occupying 10.5%. Flow pattern comparisons showed rapid airflow acceleration was found at the nasopharynx region and the nostril region for the human and rat model, respectively. For the human model, the main passage is the major deposition region for micro-particles. While for the rat model, it is the vestibule. Through comparing the regional deposition flux between human and rat models, this study can contribute towards better extrapolation approach of inhalation exposure data between inter-subject species.