The role of carrion in maintaining biodiversity and ecological processes in terrestrial ecosystems
The role of carrion in maintaining biodiversity and ecological processes in terrestrial ecosystems
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-012-2460-3
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Manning, Adrian D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barton, Philip S.;Cunningham, Saul A.;Manning, Adrian D.
腐肉为一部分动物物种提供了资源，这些动物物种通过消耗死去的动物物质并回收其营养物质来提供关键的生态系统服务。越来越多的研究还表明腐肉对不同植物和微生物群落有不同的影响。然而，尚未对这些研究进行审查，以将这些信息整合在一起并确定未来研究的优先领域。我们回顾了过去二十年的腐肉生态学研究，总结了腐肉对土壤养分、微生物、植物、节肢动物和脊椎动物的空间和时间影响范围。我们确定了腐肉生态学中的关键知识差距，并讨论了如何通过将未来的研究重点放在以下方面来缩小这些差距：（1）不同种类的腐肉资源，（2）腐肉群落不同组成部分之间的相互作用，（3）生态系统环境调节腐肉影响的方式，以及（4）腐肉管理的考虑因素。为了指导这项研究，我们概述了一个基于“短暂资源斑块”概念的框架，并帮助构建将腐肉的局部影响与其在景观尺度上的后果联系起来的研究问题。这将能够改善腐肉作为独特资源库的特征，为能够影响腐肉可用性的土地管理者提供答案，并确定腐肉影响景观内物种多样性和生态过程动态的方式。
Carrion provides a resource for a subset of animal species that deliver a critical ecosystem service by consuming dead animal matter and recycling its nutrients. A growing number of studies have also shown various effects of carrion on different plant and microbial communities. However, there has been no review of these studies to bring this information together and identify priority areas for future research. We review carrion ecology studies from the last two decades and summarise the range of spatial and temporal effects of carrion on soil nutrients, microbes, plants, arthropods, and vertebrates. We identify key knowledge gaps in carrion ecology, and discuss how closing these gaps can be achieved by focusing future research on the (1) different kinds of carrion resources, (2) interactions between different components of the carrion community, (3) the ways that ecosystem context can moderate carrion effects, and (4) considerations for carrion management. To guide this research, we outline a framework that builds on the 'ephemeral resource patch' concept, and helps to structure research questions that link localised effects of carrion with their consequences at landscape scales. This will enable improved characterisation of carrion as a unique resource pool, provide answers for land managers in a position to influence carrion availability, and establish the ways that carrion affects the dynamics of species diversity and ecological processes within landscapes.